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As LLMs are increasingly integrated into systems that browse, retrieve, summarize, and act on web content, webpages have become an untrusted input vector for downstream model behavior. This enables site owners, contributors, and adversaries…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Soheil Khodayari , Xuenan Zhang , Bhupendra Acharya , Giancarlo Pellegrino

Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning and decision-making by leveraging external tools. However, this tool-centric paradigm introduces a previously underexplored attack surface,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Kanghua Mo , Li Hu , Yucheng Long , Zhihao Li

As LLM applications grow more complex, developers are increasingly adopting multi-agent architectures to decompose workflows into specialized, collaborative components, introducing structure that constrains agent behavior and exposes useful…

Current large language models (LLMs) provide a strong foundation for large-scale user-oriented natural language tasks. A large number of users can easily inject adversarial text or instructions through the user interface, thus causing LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Chong Zhang , Mingyu Jin , Qinkai Yu , Chengzhi Liu , Haochen Xue , Xiaobo Jin

Recent advancements have led to the widespread adoption of code-oriented large language models (Code LLMs) for programming tasks. Despite their success in deployment, their security research is left far behind. This paper introduces a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yuchen Yang , Yiming Li , Hongwei Yao , Bingrun Yang , Yiling He , Tianwei Zhang , Dacheng Tao , Zhan Qin

GitHub Actions is increasingly used to deploy LLM-based agents for repository-centric tasks such as issue triage, pull-request review, code modification, and release assistance. These agentic workflows extend traditional CI/CD automation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shenao Wang , Xinyi Hou , Zhao Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Xiao Cheng , Quanchen Zou , Xiangzheng Zhang , Haoyu Wang

AI agents have become increasingly adept at complex tasks such as coding, reasoning, and multimodal understanding. However, building generalist systems requires moving beyond individual agents to collective inference -- a paradigm where…

Software testing has progressed toward intelligent automation, yet current AI-based test generators still suffer from static, single-shot outputs that frequently produce invalid, redundant, or non-executable tests due to the lack of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Saba Naqvi , Mohammad Baqar , Nawaz Ali Mohammad

Generating low-level robot task plans from high-level natural language instructions remains a challenging problem. Although large language models have shown promising results in generating plans, the accuracy of the output remains…

With the rapid advancement of AI models, their deployment across diverse tasks has become increasingly widespread. A notable emerging application is leveraging AI models to assist in reviewing scientific papers. However, recent reports have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Qin Zhou , Zhexin Zhang , Zhi Li , Limin Sun

Current Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents operate primarily under a reactive paradigm: a user must provide an explicit instruction for the agent to execute a task. However, an intelligent AI assistant should be proactive, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yuxiang Chai , Shunye Tang , Han Xiao , Rui Liu , Hongsheng Li

Deep learning has been rapidly employed in many applications revolutionizing many industries, but it is known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Such attacks pose a serious threat to deep learning-based systems compromising their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Eldor Abdukhamidov , Mohammed Abuhamad , Simon S. Woo , Eric Chan-Tin , Tamer Abuhmed

Web-use agents are rapidly being deployed to automate complex web tasks with extensive browser capabilities. However, these capabilities create a critical and previously unexplored attack surface. This paper demonstrates how attackers can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Avishag Shapira , Parth Atulbhai Gandhi , Edan Habler , Asaf Shabtai

This study investigates malicious AI Assistants' manipulative traits and whether the behaviours of malicious AI Assistants can be detected when interacting with human-like simulated users in various decision-making contexts. We also examine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yulu Pi , Ella Bettison , Anna Becker

Large Language Models (LLMs) presents significant priority in text understanding and generation. However, LLMs suffer from the risk of generating harmful contents especially while being employed to applications. There are several black-box…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Chengyuan Liu , Fubang Zhao , Lizhi Qing , Yangyang Kang , Changlong Sun , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

The rise of autonomous AI agents exposes a fundamental flaw in API-centric architectures: probabilistic systems directly execute state mutations without sufficient context, coordination, or safety guarantees. We introduce OpenKedge, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jun He , Deying Yu

LLM-integrated applications and agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where adversaries embed malicious instructions within seemingly benign input data to manipulate the LLM's intended behavior. Recent defenses based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sarthak Choudhary , Divyam Anshumaan , Nils Palumbo , Somesh Jha

Large language models (LLMs) are now routinely used to autonomously execute complex tasks, from natural language processing to dynamic workflows like web searches. The usage of tool-calling and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) allows…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Dennis Rall , Bernhard Bauer , Mohit Mittal , Thomas Fraunholz

Agentic coding tools, such as OpenAI Codex, Claude Code, and Cursor, are transforming the software engineering landscape. These AI-powered systems function as autonomous teammates capable of planning and executing complex development tasks.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kosei Horikawa , Hao Li , Yutaro Kashiwa , Bram Adams , Hajimu Iida , Ahmed E. Hassan

Artificial Intelligence (AI) pipelines have become integral to modern research, supporting fields such as Medical Sciences, Agriculture, and Social Sciences, and enabling large-scale data analysis, predictive modeling, and the automation of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hyacinth Ali , Jessie Galasso-Carbonnel , Houari Sahraoui