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As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly popular, caching responses so that they can be reused by users with semantically similar queries has become a vital strategy for reducing inference costs and latency. Existing caching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Baran Atalar , Xutong Liu , Jinhang Zuo , Siwei Wang , Wei Chen , Carlee Joe-Wong

Automated requirements assessment traditionally relies on universal patterns as proxies for defectiveness, implemented through rule-based heuristics or machine learning classifiers trained on large annotated datasets. However, what…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Max Unterbusch , Andreas Vogelsang

We unveil that internal representations in large language models (LLMs) serve as reliable proxies of learned knowledge, and propose RECALL, a novel representation-aware model merging framework for continual learning without access to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Bowen Wang , Haiyuan Wan , Liwen Shi , Chen Yang , Peng He , Yue Ma , Haochen Han , Wenhao Li , Tiao Tan , Yongjian Li , Fangming Liu , Yifan Gong , Sheng Zhang

We develop and analyze the HulC, an intuitive and general method for constructing confidence sets using the convex hull of estimates constructed from subsets of the data. Unlike classical methods which are based on estimating the (limiting)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Larry Wasserman

Complementary-Label Learning (CLL) is a weakly-supervised learning problem that aims to learn a multi-class classifier from only complementary labels, which indicate a class to which an instance does not belong. Existing approaches mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Wei-I Lin , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Learning a set of tasks over time, also known as continual learning (CL), is one of the most challenging problems in artificial intelligence due to catastrophic forgetting. Large language models (LLMs) are often impractical to frequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jaya Krishna Mandivarapu

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) is a crucial task that aims to recognize both known and novel categories from a set of unlabeled data by utilizing a few labeled data with only known categories. Due to the lack of supervision and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Wenbin An , Wenkai Shi , Feng Tian , Haonan Lin , QianYing Wang , Yaqiang Wu , Mingxiang Cai , Luyan Wang , Yan Chen , Haiping Zhu , Ping Chen

Emerging mobility systems are increasingly capable of recommending options to mobility users, to guide them towards personalized yet sustainable system outcomes. Even more so than the typical recommendation system, it is crucial to minimize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Tianyue Zhou , Jung-Hoon Cho , Babak Rahimi Ardabili , Hamed Tabkhi , Cathy Wu

Efficient label acquisition processes are key to obtaining robust classifiers. However, data labeling is often challenging and subject to high levels of label noise. This can arise even when classification targets are well defined, if…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Olivier Deiss , Siddharth Biswal , Jing Jin , Haoqi Sun , M. Brandon Westover , Jimeng Sun

Online strategic classification studies settings in which agents strategically modify their features to obtain favorable predictions. For example, given a classifier that determines loan approval based on credit scores, applicants may open…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Chase Hutton , Adam Melrod , Han Shao

In semi-supervised learning, methods that rely on confidence learning to generate pseudo-labels have been widely proposed. However, increasing research finds that when faced with noisy and biased data, the model's representation network is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yanbiao Ma , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Lingling Li , Shuyuan Yang , Xu Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks, yet post-training is constrained by inefficient sample utilization and inflexible difficulty samples processing. To address these limitations,…

A large variety of real-world Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks is characterized by a complex and heterogeneous structure that makes end-to-end (or flat) approaches hardly applicable or even infeasible. Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Gianluca Drappo , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

Uncertainty quantification approaches have been more critical in large language models (LLMs), particularly high-risk applications requiring reliable outputs. However, traditional methods for uncertainty quantification, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Murat Kuzlu

The continuous changes in the world have resulted in the performance regression of neural networks. Therefore, continual learning (CL) area gradually attracts the attention of more researchers. For edge intelligence, the CL model not only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Xiangwei Wang , Rui Han , Chi Harold Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful zero- and few-shot learners. However, when predicting over a set of candidate options, LLMs suffer from label biases, and existing calibration methods overlook biases arising from multi-token class…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mario Sanz-Guerrero , Katharina von der Wense

Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification (HMC) faces critical challenges in maintaining structural consistency and balancing loss weighting in Multi-Task Learning (MTL). In order to address these issues, we propose a classifier called HCAL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Ruobing Jiang , Mengzhe Liu , Haobing Liu , Yanwei Yu

We consider the problem of Imitation Learning (IL) by actively querying noisy expert for feedback. While imitation learning has been empirically successful, much of prior work assumes access to noiseless expert feedback which is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Ayush Sekhari , Karthik Sridharan , Wen Sun , Runzhe Wu

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) depends on taxonomies that organize labels into structured hierarchies. However, many real-world taxonomies introduce ambiguities, such as identical leaf names under similar parent nodes, which prevent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jonas Golde , Nicolaas Jedema , Ravi Krishnan , Phong Le

We treat grammatical error correction (GEC) as a classification problem in this study, where for different types of errors, a target word is identified, and the classifier predicts the correct word form from a set of possible choices. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Zhu Kaili , Chuan Wang , Ruobing Li , Yang Liu , Tianlei Hu , Hui Lin
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