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Existing datasets for automated fact-checking have substantial limitations, such as relying on artificial claims, lacking annotations for evidence and intermediate reasoning, or including evidence published after the claim. In this paper we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Michael Schlichtkrull , Zhijiang Guo , Andreas Vlachos

Assessing scientific claims requires identifying, extracting, and reasoning with multimodal data expressed in information-rich figures in scientific literature. Despite the large body of work in scientific QA, figure captioning, and other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yash Kumar Lal , Manikanta Bandham , Mohammad Saqib Hasan , Apoorva Kashi , Mahnaz Koupaee , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) carry the potential to support humans in processing vast amounts of information. While MLLMs are already being used as a fact-checking tool, their abilities and limitations in this regard are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Jiahui Geng , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Preslav Nakov , Iryna Gurevych

In the context of fact-checking, claims are often repeated across various platforms and in different languages, which can benefit from a process that reduces this redundancy. While retrieving previously fact-checked claims has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Rrubaa Panchendrarajan , Rubén Míguez , Arkaitz Zubiaga

Evidence data for automated fact-checking (AFC) can be in multiple modalities such as text, tables, images, audio, or video. While there is increasing interest in using images for AFC, previous works mostly focus on detecting manipulated or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Mubashara Akhtar , Oana Cocarascu , Elena Simperl

Existing claim verification datasets often do not require systems to perform complex reasoning or effectively interpret multimodal evidence. To address this, we introduce a new task: multi-hop multimodal claim verification. This task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Haoran Wang , Aman Rangapur , Xiongxiao Xu , Yueqing Liang , Haroon Gharwi , Carl Yang , Kai Shu

Fact verification aims to automatically probe the veracity of a claim based on several pieces of evidence. Existing works are always engaging in accuracy improvement, let alone explainability, a critical capability of fact verification…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Huanhuan Ma , Weizhi Xu , Yifan Wei , Liuji Chen , Liang Wang , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Misinformation verification increasingly occurs in public, fast-moving, and multilingual online settings, where static benchmarks provide an incomplete measure of model reliability. We introduce CommunityFact, a refreshable benchmark for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Sahajpreet Singh , Insyirah Mujtahid , Min-Yen Kan , Kokil Jaidka

In multimodal misinformation, deception usually arises not just from pixel-level manipulations in an image, but from the semantic and contextual claim jointly expressed by the image-text pair. Yet most deepfake detectors, engineered to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 A S M Sharifuzzaman Sagar , Mohammed Bennamoun , Farid Boussaid , Naeha Sharif , Lian Xu , Shaaban Sahmoud , Ali Kishk

Combating disinformation is one of the burning societal crises -- about 67% of the American population believes that disinformation produces a lot of uncertainty, and 10% of them knowingly propagate disinformation. Evidence shows that…

The internet gives the world an open platform to express their views and share their stories. While this is very valuable, it makes fake news one of our society's most pressing problems. Manual fact checking process is time consuming, which…

Whilst fact verification has attracted substantial interest in the natural language processing community, verifying misinforming statements against data visualizations such as charts has so far been overlooked. Charts are commonly used in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Mubashara Akhtar , Nikesh Subedi , Vivek Gupta , Sahar Tahmasebi , Oana Cocarascu , Elena Simperl

Large Language Models (LLMs) are beginning to reshape how media professionals verify information, yet automated support for detecting check-worthy claims a key step in the fact-checking process remains limited. We introduce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Martin Hyben , Sebastian Kula , Jan Cegin , Jakub Simko , Ivan Srba , Robert Moro

Fact-checking in financial domain is under explored, and there is a shortage of quality dataset in this domain. In this paper, we propose Fin-Fact, a benchmark dataset for multimodal fact-checking within the financial domain. Notably, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Aman Rangapur , Haoran Wang , Ling Jian , Kai Shu

Multimodal counterfactual reasoning is a vital yet challenging ability for AI systems. It involves predicting the outcomes of hypothetical circumstances based on vision and language inputs, which enables AI models to learn from failures and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Te-Lin Wu , Zi-Yi Dou , Qingyuan Hu , Yu Hou , Nischal Reddy Chandra , Marjorie Freedman , Ralph M. Weischedel , Nanyun Peng

Multimodal deepfakes are proliferating on social media and threaten authenticity, information integrity, and digital forensics. Existing benchmarks are constrained by their single-modality scope, simplified manipulations, or unrealistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tianxiao Li , Zhenglin Huang , Haiquan Wen , Yiwei He , Xinze Li , Bingyu Zhu , Wuhui Duan , Congang Chen , Zeyu Fu , Yi Dong , Baoyuan Wu , Jason Li , Guangliang Cheng

This paper describes our participant system for the multi-modal fact verification (Factify) challenge at AAAI 2022. Despite the recent advance in text based verification techniques and large pre-trained multimodal models cross vision and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Jie Gao , Hella-Franziska Hoffmann , Stylianos Oikonomou , David Kiskovski , Anil Bandhakavi

Automated fact-checking benchmarks have largely ignored the challenge of verifying claims against real-world, high-volume structured data, instead focusing on small, curated tables. We introduce a new large-scale, multilingual dataset to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jacob Devasier , Akshith Putta , Qing Wang , Alankrit Moses , Chengkai Li

This paper introduces the Cross-lingual Fact Extraction and VERification (XFEVER) dataset designed for benchmarking the fact verification models across different languages. We constructed it by translating the claim and evidence texts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yi-Chen Chang , Canasai Kruengkrai , Junichi Yamagishi

Assessing the veracity of a claim made online is a complex and important task with real-world implications. When these claims are directed at communities with limited access to information and the content concerns issues such as healthcare…