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Early-stage specifications of safety-critical systems are typically expressed in natural language, making it difficult to derive formal properties suitable for verification and needed to guarantee safety. While recent Large Language Model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Alberto Tagliaferro , Bruno Guindani , Livia Lestingi , Matteo Rossi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are nowadays extensively used for various types of software engineering tasks, primarily code generation. Previous research has shown how suitable prompt engineering could help developers in improving their code…

In the past few years LLMs have emerged as a tool that can aid programmers by taking natural language descriptions and generating code based on it. However, the reliability of LLM code generation and current validation techniques for it are…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Aaron Councilman , David Jiahao Fu , Aryan Gupta , Chengxiao Wang , David Grove , Yu-Xiong Wang , Vikram Adve

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform reasoning tasks such as deduction has been widely investigated in recent years. Yet, their capacity to generate proofs-faithful, human-readable explanations of why conclusions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hui Yang , Jiaoyan Chen , Uli Sattler

This paper explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the generation of test skeletons -- structural templates that outline unit test coverage without implementing full test logic. Test skeletons are especially important…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Subhang Boorlagadda , Nitya Naga Sai Atluri , Muhammet Mustafa Olmez , Edward F. Gehringer

Assertion-based verification (ABV) is a critical method for ensuring design circuits comply with their architectural specifications, which are typically described in natural language. This process often requires human interpretation by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wenji Fang , Mengming Li , Min Li , Zhiyuan Yan , Shang Liu , Hongce Zhang , Zhiyao Xie

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as evaluators for natural language generation, applying human-defined rubrics to assess system outputs. However, human rubrics are often static and misaligned with how models internally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Clemencia Siro , Pourya Aliannejadi , Mohammad Aliannejadi

Unit tests play a key role in ensuring the correctness of software. However, manually creating unit tests is a laborious task, motivating the need for automation. Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been applied to this problem,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Max Schäfer , Sarah Nadi , Aryaz Eghbali , Frank Tip

Software testing is a crucial phase in the software life cycle, helping identify potential risks and reduce maintenance costs. With the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers have proposed an increasing number of LLM-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Quanjun Zhang , Ye Shang , Chunrong Fang , Siqi Gu , Jianyi Zhou , Zhenyu Chen

Recent advances have shown that scaling test-time computation enables large language models (LLMs) to solve increasingly complex problems across diverse domains. One effective paradigm for test-time scaling (TTS) involves LLM generators…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yefan Zhou , Austin Xu , Yilun Zhou , Janvijay Singh , Jiang Gui , Shafiq Joty

In the contemporary landscape of technological advancements, the automation of manual processes is crucial, compelling the demand for huge datasets to effectively train and test machines. This research paper is dedicated to the exploration…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-17 S Deepika Sri , Mohammed Aadil S , Sanjjushri Varshini R , Raja CSP Raman , Gopinath Rajagopal , S Taranath Chan

Encoding legislative text in a formal representation is an important prerequisite to different tasks in the field of AI & Law. For example, rule-based expert systems focused on legislation can support laypeople in understanding how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Samyar Janatian , Hannes Westermann , Jinzhe Tan , Jaromir Savelka , Karim Benyekhlef

Automated logging statement generation supports developers in documenting critical software runtime behavior. Given the great success in natural language generation and programming language comprehension, large language models (LLMs) might…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yichen Li , Yintong Huo , Zhihan Jiang , Renyi Zhong , Pinjia He , Yuxin Su , Lionel Briand , Michael R. Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) can be used to support software development tasks, e.g., through code completion or code generation. However, their effectiveness drops significantly when considering less popular programming languages such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 David Delgado , Lola Burgueño , Robert Clarisó

This paper is a brief introduction to our recently initiated project named VERIFAI: Traceability and verification of natural language requirements. The project addresses the challenges in the traceability and verification of formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Arshad Beg , Diarmuid O'Donoghue , Rosemary Monahan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded a new heatwave of AI for their ability to engage end-users in human-level conversations with detailed and articulate answers across many knowledge domains. In response to their fast adoption in…

Use case driven development methodologies put use cases at the center of the software development process. However, in order to support automated development and analysis, use cases need to be appropriately formalized. This will also help…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-03-30 Rui Couto , António Nestor Ribeiro , José Creissac Campos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become powerful tools for automated code generation. However, these models often overlook critical security practices, which can result in the generation of insecure code that contains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Hao Yan , Swapneel Suhas Vaidya , Xiaokuan Zhang , Ziyu Yao

The auditing of financial documents, historically a labor-intensive process, stands on the precipice of transformation. AI-driven solutions have made inroads into streamlining this process by recommending pertinent text passages from…

Large language models (LLMs) are a new and powerful tool for a wide span of applications involving natural language and demonstrate impressive code generation abilities. The goal of this work is to automatically generate tests and use these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Christian Munley , Aaron Jarmusch , Sunita Chandrasekaran