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Recent research indicates that large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to jailbreaking attacks that can generate harmful content. This paper introduces a novel token-level attack method, Adaptive Dense-to-Sparse Constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kai Hu , Weichen Yu , Yining Li , Kai Chen , Tianjun Yao , Xiang Li , Wenhe Liu , Lijun Yu , Zhiqiang Shen , Matt Fredrikson

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external retrieval has become a standard method to address their inherent knowledge cutoff limitations. However, traditional retrieval-augmented generation methods employ static, pre-inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Hongjin Qian , Zheng Liu

Training large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by GPU memory limitations. To alleviate memory pressure, activation recomputation and data compression have been proposed as two major strategies. However, both approaches have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ping Chen , Zhuohong Deng , Ping Li , Shuibing He , Hongzi Zhu , Yi Zheng , Zhefeng Wang , Baoxing Huai , Minyi Guo

To utilize pre-trained neural networks on edge and mobile devices, we often require efficient adaptation to user-specific runtime data distributions while operating under limited compute and memory resources. On-device retraining with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Irene Tenison , Soumyajit Chatterjee , Fahim Kawsar , Mohammad Malekzadeh

Formal verification via theorem proving enables the expressive specification and rigorous proof of software correctness, but it is difficult to scale due to the significant manual effort and expertise required. While Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Minghai Lu , Zhe Zhou , Danning Xie , Songlin Jia , Benjamin Delaware , Tianyi Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM) has exhibited strong reasoning ability in text-based contexts across various domains, yet the limitation of context window poses challenges for the model on long-range inference tasks and necessitates a memory…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mengwei Yuan , Jianan Liu , Jing Yang , Xianyou Li , Weiran Yan , Yichao Wu , Penghao Liang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in Natural Language Understanding and Generation, but deploying them directly in online advertising systems is often impractical due to strict millisecond-level latency…

Adaptive gradient methods like Adagrad and its variants are widespread in large-scale optimization. However, their use of diagonal preconditioning matrices limits the ability to capture parameter correlations. Full-matrix adaptive methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Tatyana Matveeva , Aleksandr Katrutsa , Evgeny Frolov

Many applications of large language models (LLMs) require deductive reasoning, yet models frequently produce incorrect or redundant inference steps. We frame natural language inference as a search problem where the final answer is the valid…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andreas Opedal , Francesco Ignazio Re , Abulhair Saparov , Mrinmaya Sachan , Bernhard Schölkopf , Ryan Cotterell

Choosing a Large Language Model (LLM) for a given task requires comparing many strong candidates, yet standard evaluation relies on costly annotations over fixed evaluation sets. To address this challenge, we develop SELECT-LLM, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yavuz Durmazkeser , Patrik Okanovic , Andreas Kirsch , Torsten Hoefler , Nezihe Merve Gürel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable adaptability, showcasing their capacity to excel in tasks for which they were not explicitly trained. However, despite their impressive natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Supun Manathunga , Isuru Hettigoda

Despite strong image-generation performance, diffusion models' reconstruction objectives limit alignment with human preferences. RL enables such alignment through explicit rewards. However, most studies apply RL to the full denoising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Renye Yan , Jikang Cheng , Shikun Sun , Yi Sun , You Wu , Wei Peng , Zongwei Wang , Ling Liang , Junliang Xing , Yimao Cai

In this paper, we examine how large language models (LLMs) solve multi-step problems under a language agent framework with three components: a generator, a discriminator, and a planning method. We investigate the practical utility of two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ziru Chen , Michael White , Raymond Mooney , Ali Payani , Yu Su , Huan Sun

Large language models have achieved remarkable success, but their extensive parameter size necessitates substantial memory for training, thereby setting a high threshold. While the recently proposed low-memory optimization (LOMO) reduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Kai Lv , Hang Yan , Qipeng Guo , Haijun Lv , Xipeng Qiu

Conversational Query Reformulation (CQR) has significantly advanced in addressing the challenges of conversational search, particularly those stemming from the latent user intent and the need for historical context. Recent works aimed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Yilong Lai , Jialong Wu , Congzhi Zhang , Haowen Sun , Deyu Zhou

In this paper, we introduce AdaSelection, an adaptive sub-sampling method to identify the most informative sub-samples within each minibatch to speed up the training of large-scale deep learning models without sacrificing model performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Minghe Zhang , Chaosheng Dong , Jinmiao Fu , Tianchen Zhou , Jia Liang , Jia Liu , Bo Liu , Michinari Momma , Bryan Wang , Yan Gao , Yi Sun

Long video understanding is heavily bottlenecked by a rigid one-shot paradigm: existing methods either densely encode videos at prohibitive memory and latency costs, or aggressively compress them into sparse frame sets that irreversibly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xiao Yang , Yingzhe Ma , Haoxuan Yu , Zixin Li , Ning Qin

One of the key challenges in machine learning is to design a computationally efficient multi-class classifier while maintaining the output accuracy and performance. In this paper, we present a tree-based classifier: Attention Tree (ATree)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Priyadarshini Panda , Kaushik Roy

This project aims to investigate a novel sequence generation method inspired by the AlphaGo paradigm, adapting it for use with large language models (LLMs). The proposed approach involves creating search trees of different possible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Dylan Wilson

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) offer order-agnostic generation that can explore many possible decoding trajectories. However, current decoding methods commit to a single trajectory, limiting exploration in trajectory space. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yangyi Shen , Tianjian Feng , Jiaqi Han , Wen Wang , Tianlang Chen , Chunhua Shen , Jure Leskovec , Stefano Ermon