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In this paper, we present our progress in pre-training monolingual Transformers for Czech and contribute to the research community by releasing our models for public. The need for such models emerged from our effort to employ Transformers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Jan Lehečka , Jan Švec

Accurately detecting dysfluencies in spoken language can help to improve the performance of automatic speech and language processing components and support the development of more inclusive speech and language technologies. Inspired by the…

Cross-lingual representations of words enable us to reason about word meaning in multilingual contexts and are a key facilitator of cross-lingual transfer when developing natural language processing models for low-resource languages. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulić , Anders Søgaard

Bilingual lexicons and phrase tables are critical resources for modern Machine Translation systems. Although recent results show that without any seed lexicon or parallel data, highly accurate bilingual lexicons can be learned using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Ashiqur R. KhudaBukhsh , Shriphani Palakodety , Tom M. Mitchell

Distributed word representations (word embeddings) have recently contributed to competitive performance in language modeling and several NLP tasks. In this work, we train word embeddings for more than 100 languages using their corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-06-30 Rami Al-Rfou , Bryan Perozzi , Steven Skiena

We focus on the task of unsupervised lemmatization, i.e. grouping together inflected forms of one word under one label (a lemma) without the use of annotated training data. We propose to perform agglomerative clustering of word forms with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Rudolf Rosa , Zdeněk Žabokrtský

We introduce Multi-SimLex, a large-scale lexical resource and evaluation benchmark covering datasets for 12 typologically diverse languages, including major languages (e.g., Mandarin Chinese, Spanish, Russian) as well as less-resourced ones…

Multilingual pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on several downstream tasks for both high-resourced and low-resourced languages. However, there is still a large performance drop for languages unseen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Jesujoba O. Alabi , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

Instruction tuning a large language model with multiple languages can prepare it for multilingual downstream tasks. Nonetheless, it is yet to be determined whether having a handful of languages is sufficient, or whether the benefits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Shaoxiong Ji , Pinzhen Chen

Large transformer-based language models dominate modern NLP, yet our understanding of how they encode linguistic information relies primarily on studies of early models like BERT and GPT-2. We systematically probe 25 models from BERT Base…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Michael Li , Nishant Subramani

In comparative linguistics, colexification refers to the phenomenon of a lexical form conveying two or more distinct meanings. Existing work on colexification patterns relies on annotated word lists, limiting scalability and usefulness in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yihong Liu , Haotian Ye , Leonie Weissweiler , Renhao Pei , Hinrich Schütze

We present an ongoing initiative to provide open, very large, high-quality, and richly annotated textual datasets for almost 200 languages. At 30 trillion tokens, this is likely the largest generally available multilingual collection of LLM…

Existing vision-language methods typically support two languages at a time at most. In this paper, we present a modular approach which can easily be incorporated into existing vision-language methods in order to support many languages. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Donghyun Kim , Kuniaki Saito , Kate Saenko , Stan Sclaroff , Bryan A. Plummer

In this paper, we combine two-step knowledge distillation, structured pruning, truncation, and vocabulary trimming for extremely compressing multilingual encoder-only language models for low-resource languages. Our novel approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Daniil Gurgurov , Michal Gregor , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

We introduce Holmes, a new benchmark designed to assess language models (LMs) linguistic competence - their unconscious understanding of linguistic phenomena. Specifically, we use classifier-based probing to examine LMs' internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Andreas Waldis , Yotam Perlitz , Leshem Choshen , Yufang Hou , Iryna Gurevych

With a growing focus on morphological inflection systems for languages where high-quality data is scarce, training data noise is a serious but so far largely ignored concern. We aim at closing this gap by investigating the types of noise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Adam Wiemerslage , Changbing Yang , Garrett Nicolai , Miikka Silfverberg , Katharina Kann

The performance of multilingual pretrained models is highly dependent on the availability of monolingual or parallel text present in a target language. Thus, the majority of the world's languages cannot benefit from recent progress in NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Xinyi Wang , Sebastian Ruder , Graham Neubig

Multilingual large language models (MLLMs) are able to leverage in-context learning (ICL) to achieve high performance by leveraging cross-lingual knowledge transfer without parameter updates. However, their effectiveness is highly sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Masahiro Kaneko , Alham Fikri Aji , Timothy Baldwin

While pretrained language models (PLMs) primarily serve as general-purpose text encoders that can be fine-tuned for a wide variety of downstream tasks, recent work has shown that they can also be rewired to produce high-quality word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Tommaso Green , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Goran Glavaš

The Universal Morphology (UniMorph) project is a collaborative effort providing broad-coverage instantiated normalized morphological inflection tables for hundreds of diverse world languages. The project comprises two major thrusts: a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Khuyagbaatar Batsuren , Omer Goldman , Salam Khalifa , Nizar Habash , Witold Kieraś , Gábor Bella , Brian Leonard , Garrett Nicolai , Kyle Gorman , Yustinus Ghanggo Ate , Maria Ryskina , Sabrina J. Mielke , Elena Budianskaya , Charbel El-Khaissi , Tiago Pimentel , Michael Gasser , William Lane , Mohit Raj , Matt Coler , Jaime Rafael Montoya Samame , Delio Siticonatzi Camaiteri , Benoît Sagot , Esaú Zumaeta Rojas , Didier López Francis , Arturo Oncevay , Juan López Bautista , Gema Celeste Silva Villegas , Lucas Torroba Hennigen , Adam Ek , David Guriel , Peter Dirix , Jean-Philippe Bernardy , Andrey Scherbakov , Aziyana Bayyr-ool , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Roberto Zariquiey , Karina Sheifer , Sofya Ganieva , Hilaria Cruz , Ritván Karahóǧa , Stella Markantonatou , George Pavlidis , Matvey Plugaryov , Elena Klyachko , Ali Salehi , Candy Angulo , Jatayu Baxi , Andrew Krizhanovsky , Natalia Krizhanovskaya , Elizabeth Salesky , Clara Vania , Sardana Ivanova , Jennifer White , Rowan Hall Maudslay , Josef Valvoda , Ran Zmigrod , Paula Czarnowska , Irene Nikkarinen , Aelita Salchak , Brijesh Bhatt , Christopher Straughn , Zoey Liu , Jonathan North Washington , Yuval Pinter , Duygu Ataman , Marcin Wolinski , Totok Suhardijanto , Anna Yablonskaya , Niklas Stoehr , Hossep Dolatian , Zahroh Nuriah , Shyam Ratan , Francis M. Tyers , Edoardo M. Ponti , Grant Aiton , Aryaman Arora , Richard J. Hatcher , Ritesh Kumar , Jeremiah Young , Daria Rodionova , Anastasia Yemelina , Taras Andrushko , Igor Marchenko , Polina Mashkovtseva , Alexandra Serova , Emily Prud'hommeaux , Maria Nepomniashchaya , Fausto Giunchiglia , Eleanor Chodroff , Mans Hulden , Miikka Silfverberg , Arya D. McCarthy , David Yarowsky , Ryan Cotterell , Reut Tsarfaty , Ekaterina Vylomova