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Integrating large language models (LLMs) into automatic speech recognition (ASR) has become a mainstream paradigm in recent years. Although existing LLM-based ASR models demonstrate impressive performance on public benchmarks, their…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Yuan Xie , Jiaqi Song , Guang Qiu , Xianliang Wang , Kai Qiao , Junfeng Yuan , Shengqing Liu , Yi Zhang , Bowen Chen , Ming Lei , Jie Gao , Jie Wu

The audio-visual speech fusion strategy AV Align has shown significant performance improvements in audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) on the challenging LRS2 dataset. Performance improvements range between 7% and 30% depending on the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-20 George Sterpu , Christian Saam , Naomi Harte

Audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) provides a promising solution to ameliorate the noise-robustness of audio-only speech recognition with visual information. However, most existing efforts still focus on audio modality to improve…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Yuchen Hu , Ruizhe Li , Chen Chen , Chengwei Qin , Qiushi Zhu , Eng Siong Chng

This paper reveals that large language models (LLMs), despite being trained solely on textual data, are surprisingly strong encoders for purely visual tasks in the absence of language. Even more intriguingly, this can be achieved by a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Ziqi Pang , Ziyang Xie , Yunze Man , Yu-Xiong Wang

In existing Audio-Visual Speech Enhancement (AVSE) methods, objectives such as Scale-Invariant Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SI-SNR) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) are widely used; however, they often correlate poorly with perceptual quality and…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Chih-Ning Chen , Jen-Cheng Hou , Hsin-Min Wang , Shao-Yi Chien , Yu Tsao , Fan-Gang Zeng

We propose to utilize an instruction-tuned large language model (LLM) for guiding the text generation process in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Modern large language models (LLMs) are adept at performing various text generation tasks…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-08 Yosuke Higuchi , Tetsuji Ogawa , Tetsunori Kobayashi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in handling spoken inputs for high-resource languages, reaching state-of-the-art performance in various tasks. However, their applicability is still less explored in low-resource…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-08 Seraphina Fong , Marco Matassoni , Alessio Brutti

Recent advances in Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) have led to unprecedented achievements in the field, improving the robustness of this type of system in adverse, noisy environments. In most cases, this task has been addressed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 David Gimeno-Gómez , Carlos-D. Martínez-Hinarejos

Speech foundation models (SFMs) are increasingly hailed as powerful computational models of human speech perception. However, since their representations are inherently black-box, it remains unclear what drives their alignment with brain…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-26 Riki Shimizu , Richard J. Antonello , Chandan Singh , Nima Mesgarani

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable success in enhancing translation performance by integrating multimodal information. However, existing research primarily focuses on image-guided methods, whose applicability is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yexing Du , Youcheng Pan , Zekun Wang , Zheng Chu , Yichong Huang , Kaiyuan Liu , Bo Yang , Yang Xiang , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance by jointly processing inputs from multiple modalities, such as vision, audio, and language. However, building such models or extending them to new modalities often requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Md Kaykobad Reza , Ameya Patil , Edward Ayrapetian , M. Salman Asif

Speech Recognition (ASR) due to phoneme distortions and high variability. While self-supervised ASR models like Wav2Vec, HuBERT, and Whisper have shown promise, their effectiveness in dysarthric speech remains unclear. This study…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Ahmed Aboeitta , Ahmed Sharshar , Youssef Nafea , Shady Shehata

Recently, representation learning for text and speech has successfully improved many language related tasks. However, all existing methods suffer from two limitations: (a) they only learn from one input modality, while a unified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Renjie Zheng , Junkun Chen , Mingbo Ma , Liang Huang

Self-supervised learning (SSL) achieves great success in speech recognition, while limited exploration has been attempted for other speech processing tasks. As speech signal contains multi-faceted information including speaker identity,…

Recent studies have augmented large language models (LLMs) with speech capabilities, leading to the development of speech language models (SpeechLMs). Earlier SpeechLMs focused on single-turn speech-based question answering (QA), where user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yifan Peng , Krishna C. Puvvada , Zhehuai Chen , Piotr Zelasko , He Huang , Kunal Dhawan , Ke Hu , Shinji Watanabe , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention from the research community due to their exceptional performance and generalization capabilities. In this paper, we introduce a novel method for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Egor Lakomkin , Chunyang Wu , Yassir Fathullah , Ozlem Kalinli , Michael L. Seltzer , Christian Fuegen

Existing Visual Speech Recognition (VSR) systems commonly rely on left-to-right autoregressive decoding, which can force premature decisions on visually ambiguous tokens before sufficient context is available. We propose DLLM-VSR, to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jeong Hun Yeo , Chae Won Kim , Hyeongseop Rha , Yong Man Ro

Recent advancements in multimodal fusion have witnessed the remarkable success of vision-language (VL) models, which excel in various multimodal applications such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, building VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Zhiwei Hao , Jianyuan Guo , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Yonggang Wen

Facial Action Units (AUs) are of great significance in the realm of affective computing. In this paper, we propose AU-LLaVA, the first unified AU recognition framework based on the Large Language Model (LLM). AU-LLaVA consists of a visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Guohong Hu , Xing Lan , Hanyu Jiang , Jiayi Lyu , Jian Xue

We present an Audio-Visual Language Model (AVLM) for expressive speech generation by integrating full-face visual cues into a pre-trained expressive speech model. We explore multiple visual encoders and multimodal fusion strategies during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Weiting Tan , Jiachen Lian , Hirofumi Inaguma , Paden Tomasello , Philipp Koehn , Xutai Ma
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