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SDO/EVE provides rich information of the thermodynamic processes of solar activities, particularly of solar flares. Here, we develop a method to construct thermodynamic spectrum (TDS) charts based on the EVE spectral lines. This tool could…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-11 Yuming Wang , Zhenjun Zhou , Jie Zhang , Kai Liu , Rui Liu , Chenglong Shen , Phillip C. Chamberlin

X-rays and gamma-rays from astronomical sources such as solar flares are mostly absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere. Resulting electron-ion production rate as a function of height depends on the intensity and wavelength of the injected…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Sourav Palit , Suman Ray , Sandip K. Chakrabarti

The far-ultraviolet (FUV) flare activity of low-mass stars has become a focus in our understanding of the exoplanet atmospheres and how they evolve. However, direct detection of FUV flares and measurements of their energies and rates are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-24 James A. G. Jackman , Evgenya L. Shkolnik , R. O. Parke Loyd , Tyler Richey-Yowell

Solar flares, along with other sun-originated events such as Coronal Mass Ejections, fast solar wind streams, and solar energetic particles are among the most relevant events in Space Weather. Moreover, solar flares are the most energetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-21 Nicola Plutino , Francesco Berrilli , Dario Del Moro , Luca Giovannelli

Solar flares produce radiation which can have an almost immediate effect on the near-Earth environment, making it crucial to forecast flares in order to mitigate their negative effects. The number of published approaches to flare…

This thesis strives to improve our understanding of solar activity, specifically the behaviour of solar flares and coronal mass ejections. An investigation into the hydrodynamic evolution of a confined solar flare was carried out using…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-19 Claire L. Raftery

We report observations of an X class flare on 2011 September 6 by the instruments onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The flare occurs in a complex active region with multiple polarities. The Extreme-Ultraviolet (EUV) Variability…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Y. Dai , M. D. Ding , Y. Guo

Understanding space weather is vital for the protection of our terrestrial and space infrastructure. In order to predict space weather accurately, large amounts of data are required, particularly in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrum.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-02 Manuel Indaco , Daniel Gass , William James Fawcett , Richard Galvez , Paul J. Wright , Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo

Solar flares are the most explosive phenomena in the solar system and the main trigger of the events' chain that starts from Coronal Mass Ejections and leads to geomagnetic storms with possible impacts on the infrastructures at Earth.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-03 Chiara Curletto , Paolo Massa , Valeria Tagliafico , Cristina Campi , Federico Benvenuto , Michele Piana , Andrea Tacchino

Solar flare forecasting can be realized by means of the analysis of magnetic data through artificial intelligence techniques. The aim is to predict whether a magnetic active region (AR) will originate solar flares above a certain class…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-29 Sabrina Guastavino , Francesco Marchetti , Federico Benvenuto , Cristina Campi , Michele Piana

Kepler Space Telescope and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite unveiled that Sun-like stars frequently host exoplanets. These exoplanets are subject to fluxes of ionizing radiation in the form of X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV)…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Kosuke Namekata , Shin Toriumi , Vladimir S. Airapetian , Munehito Shoda , Kyoko Watanabe , Yuta Notsu

Solar flares, as one of the most prominent manifestations of solar activity, have a profound impact on both the Earth's space environment and human activities. As a result, accurate solar flare prediction has emerged as a central topic in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-31 Mingfu Shao , Suo Liu , Haiqing Xu , Peng Jia , Hui Wang , Liyue Tong , Yang Bai , Chen Yang , Yuyang Li , Nan Li , Jiaben Lin

Solar Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) radiation creates the conducting E-layer of the ionosphere, mainly by photo ionization of molecular Oxygen. Solar heating of the ionosphere creates thermal winds which by dynamo action induce an electric…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-07 Leif Svalgaard

Flares are a well-studied aspect of the Sun's magnetic activity. Detecting and classifying solar flares can inform the analysis of contamination caused by stellar flares in exoplanet transmission spectra. In this paper, we present a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-25 Nicole Hao , Laura Flagg , Ray Jayawardhana

One of the objectives of the NASA LWS Institute on Nowcasting of Atmospheric Drag for LEO Spacecraft was to investigate whether and how to increase the accuracy of atmospheric drag models by improving the quality of the solar forcing…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 A. Vourlidas , S. Bruinsma

Neutrinos generated during solar flares remain elusive. However, after $50$ years of discussion and search, the potential knowledge unleashed by their discovery keeps the search crucial. Neutrinos associated with solar flares provide…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-12 K. Okamoto , Y. Nakano , S. Masuda , Y. Itow , M. Miyake , T. Terasawa , S. Ito , M. Nakahata

Future prospects for solar spectroscopy missions operating in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray (SXR) wavelength ranges, 1.2-1600 Angstroms, are discussed. NASA is the major funder of Solar Physics missions, and brief summaries…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-19 Peter R. Young

Solar flares are events of intense scientific interest. Although certain solar conditions are known to be associated with flare activity, the exact location and timing of an individual flare on the Sun cannot as yet be predicted with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Andrew R. Inglis , Jack Ireland , Albert Y. Shih , Steven D. Christe

Deriving a well-constrained differential emission measure (DEM) distribution for solar flares has historically been difficult, primarily because no single instrument is sensitive to the full range of coronal temperatures observed in flares,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-25 Amir Caspi , James M. McTiernan , Harry P. Warren

Solar flare activity is characterised by different classification systems, both in optical and X-ray ranges. The most generally accepted classifications of solar flares describe important parameters of flares such as the maximum of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-28 Elena Bruevich