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Diffusion-based methods represented as stochastic differential equations on a continuous-time domain have recently proven successful as a non-adversarial generative model. Training such models relies on denoising score matching, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Sarthak Mittal , Korbinian Abstreiter , Stefan Bauer , Bernhard Schölkopf , Arash Mehrjou

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

Discrete diffusion models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for generative modeling on sequence data; however, the information-theoretic principles governing their reverse processes remain significantly less understood than those of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Alberto Foresti , Mustapha Bounoua , Giulio Franzese , Luca Ambrogioni , Pietro Michiardi

Deep generative models, particularly denoising diffusion models, have achieved remarkable success in high-fidelity generation of architected microstructures with desired properties and styles. Nevertheless, these recent methods typically…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Weipeng Xu , Ziyuan Xie , Haoju Lin , Xinyu Wang , Guangjin Mou , Tianju Xue

This paper studies the original discrete-time denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) from a probabilistic point of view. We present three main theoretical results. First, we show that the time-dependent score function associated…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Yumiharu Nakano

We provide a general framework for learning diffusion bridges that transport prior to target distributions. It includes existing diffusion models for generative modeling, but also underdamped versions with degenerate diffusion matrices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Denis Blessing , Julius Berner , Lorenz Richter , Gerhard Neumann

We study a new parametric approach for hidden discrete-time diffusion models. This method is based on contrast minimization and deconvolution and leads to estimate a large class of stochastic models with nonlinear drift and nonlinear…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-01 Salima El Kolei , Florian Pelgrin

We construct a new random probability measure on the sphere and on the unit interval which in both cases has a Gibbs structure with the relative entropy functional as Hamiltonian. It satisfies a quasi-invariance formula with respect to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Max-K von Renesse , Karl-Theodor Sturm

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM) is able to make flexible conditional image generation from prior noise to real data, by introducing an independent noise-aware classifier to provide conditional gradient guidance at each time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Shengming Li , Guangcong Zheng , Hui Wang , Taiping Yao , Yang Chen , Shoudong Ding , Xi Li

Modern generative models can be understood as probability transport from a simple base distribution to a target data distribution. Deterministic transport models offer tractable velocity-field parameterizations, whereas stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xingyu Song , Yuan Mei , Naoya Takeishi

We analyze the thermodynamic structure of jump diffusions combining Brownian and Poisson noise, a class of stochastic dynamics relevant to nonequilibrium statistical physics. For such nonlocal dynamics, the free energy admits a full…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-09 Shuyuan Fan , Qi Zhang

This letter presents a non-parametric modeling approach for forecasting stochastic dynamical systems on low-dimensional manifolds. The key idea is to represent the discrete shift maps on a smooth basis which can be obtained by the diffusion…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Tyrus Berry , Dimitrios Giannakis , John Harlim

Diffusion models are powerful tools for sampling from high-dimensional distributions by progressively transforming pure noise into structured data through a denoising process. When equipped with a guidance mechanism, these models can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Saeed Mohseni-Sehdeh , Walid Saad , Kei Sakaguchi , Tao Yu

In this paper, we apply a recently developed nonparametric modeling approach, the "diffusion forecast", to predict the time-evolution of Fourier modes of turbulent dynamical systems. While the diffusion forecasting method assumes the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2016-03-23 Tyrus Berry , John Harlim

The reconstruction of unsteady flow fields from limited measurements is a challenging and crucial task for many engineering applications. Machine learning models are gaining popularity for solving this problem due to their ability to learn…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marc Amorós-Trepat , Luis Medrano-Navarro , Qiang Liu , Luca Guastoni , Nils Thuerey

We derive the exact evolution equation for the probability density function of particle displacements generated by arbitrary Gaussian velocity processes, when neither Markovianity and nor stationarity are assumed. Starting from the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-19 Alessandro Taloni , Gianni Pagnini , Aleksei Chechkin

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating samples from unknown data distributions. Most popular stochastic differential equation-based diffusion models perturb the target distribution by adding Gaussian noise,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-20 Wenpin Tang , Nizar Touzi , Zikun Zhang , Xun Yu Zhou

Employing a forward diffusion chain to gradually map the data to a noise distribution, diffusion-based generative models learn how to generate the data by inferring a reverse diffusion chain. However, this approach is slow and costly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-08 Huangjie Zheng , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as powerful techniques for generating samples from high-dimensional data distributions. These models involve a two-phase process: first, injecting noise to transform the data distribution into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Runjia Li , Qiwei Di , Quanquan Gu

Programmable structures are systems whose undeformed geometries and material property distributions are deliberately designed to achieve prescribed deformed configurations under specific loading conditions. Inflatable structures are a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Sara Karimi , Nikolaos N. Vlassis