English
Related papers

Related papers: Sample size determination for win statistics in cl…

200 papers

Hierarchical composite endpoints, such as those analyzed using the Finkelstein-Schoenfeld (FS) statistic, are increasingly used in clinical trials for their ability to incorporate clinically prioritized outcomes. However, adaptive design…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-22 Krishna Padmanabhan , Cyrus Mehta

Composite endpoints are frequently used as primary or secondary analyses in cardiovascular clinical trials to increase clinical relevance and statistical efficiency. Alternatively, the Win Ratio (WR) and other Win Statistics (WS) analyses…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-23 Yunhan Mou , Scott Hummel , Yuan Huang

Win statistics, including the win ratio, net benefit, and win odds, summarize treatment effects on hierarchical composite endpoints by sequentially comparing patient pairs on component outcomes ordered by clinical importance, proceeding to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-27 Xi Fang , Fan Li

There are multiple cluster randomised trial designs that vary in when the clusters cross between control and intervention states, when observations are made within clusters, and how many observations are made at that time point. Identifying…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-20 Samuel I. Watson , Alan Girling , Karla Hemming

The increasing interest in subpopulation analysis has led to the development of various new trial designs and analysis methods in the fields of personalized medicine and targeted therapies. In this paper, subpopulations are defined in terms…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-01 Roland Gerard Gera , Tim Friede

Cluster algorithms are increasingly popular in biomedical research due to their compelling ability to identify discrete subgroups in data, and their increasing accessibility in mainstream software. While guidelines exist for algorithm…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-26 E. S. Dalmaijer , C. L. Nord , D. E. Astle

For randomized clinical trials where a single, primary, binary endpoint would require unfeasibly large sample sizes, composite endpoints are widely chosen as the primary endpoint. Despite being commonly used, composite endpoints entail…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-27 Marta Bofill Roig , Guadalupe Gómez Melis , Martin Posch , Franz Koenig

Meta-analyses frequently include trials that report multiple effect sizes based on a common set of study participants. These effect sizes will generally be correlated. Cluster-robust variance-covariance estimators are a fruitful approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-07 Thilo Welz , Wolfgang Viechtbauer , Markus Pauly

Conventional methods for analyzing composite endpoints in clinical trials often only focus on the time to the first occurrence of all events in the composite. Therefore, they have inherent limitations because the individual patients' first…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-29 Jialu Wang , Yeh-Fong Chen , Thomas Gwise

Summary points: - This article considers the combination of two binary or two time-to-event endpoints to form the primary composite endpoint for leading a trial. - It discusses the relative efficiency of choosing a composite endpoint over…

Applications · Statistics 2020-01-13 Marta Bofill Roig , Jordi Cortés Martínez , Guadalupe Gómez Melis

Time-to-event endpoints show an increasing popularity in phase II cancer trials. The standard statistical tool for such one-armed survival trials is the one-sample log-rank test. Its distributional properties are commonly derived in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-02 Moritz Fabian Danzer , Andreas Faldum , Rene Schmidt

In clinical trials, multiple outcomes of different priorities commonly occur as the patient's response may not be adequately characterized by a single outcome. Win statistics are appealing summary measures for between-group difference at…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-04 Ying Cui , Bo Huang , Gaohong Dong , Ryuji Uozumi , Lu Tian

Simulation offers a simple and flexible way to estimate the power of a clinical trial when analytic formulae are not available. The computational burden of using simulation has, however, restricted its application to only the simplest of…

In many applications, data cluster. Failing to take the cluster structure into consideration generally leads to underestimated variances of point estimators and inflated type I errors in hypothesis tests. Many circumstance-dependent…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-21 Jiahua Chen , Pengfei Li , Yukun Liu , James V. Zidek

Sequential Multiple-Assignment Randomized Trials (SMARTs) play an increasingly important role in psychological and behavioral health research. This experimental approach enables researchers to answer scientific questions about how to…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-21 John J. Dziak , Daniel Almirall , Walter Dempsey , Catherine Stanger , Inbal Nahum-Shani

Typically, trials investigate the impact of either an individual-level intervention on participant outcomes, or the impact of a cluster-level intervention on participant outcomes. Factorial designs consider two (or more) treatments for each…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-04 Rhys Bowden , Rebecca Walwyn , Jessica Kasza , Andrew Copas , Fan Li , James Wason , Andrew Forbes

Stepped-wedge cluster randomised trials (SW-CRTs) increasingly evaluate complex interventions, yet methodological guidance for analysing composite endpoints using generalized pairwise comparisons (GPC)remains limited. This work investigates…

Cluster-randomized trials (CRTs) are widely used to evaluate group-level interventions and increasingly collect multiple outcomes capturing complementary dimensions of benefit and risk. Investigators often seek a single global summary of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-22 Xinyuan Chen , Fan Li

This paper studies inference in cluster randomized trials where treatment status is determined according to a "matched pairs" design. Here, by a cluster randomized experiment, we mean one in which treatment is assigned at the level of the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-08-14 Yuehao Bai , Jizhou Liu , Azeem M. Shaikh , Max Tabord-Meehan

Adaptive sample size re-estimation, early stopping, and trial re-design at interim analyses can reduce expected sample sizes in randomised trials. Cluster randomised trials, in which groups of participants are randomly allocated to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-09 Samuel I. Watson , James Martin