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With the passage of the Right to Be Forgotten (RTBF) regulations and the scaling up of language model training datasets, research on model unlearning in large language models (LLMs) has become more crucial. Before the era of LLMs, machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Bichen Wang , Yuzhe Zi , Yixin Sun , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin

The growing concern over training data privacy has elevated the "Right to be Forgotten" into a critical requirement, thereby raising the demand for effective Machine Unlearning. However, existing unlearning approaches commonly suffer from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Haoyu Wang , Zhuo Huang , Xiaolong Wang , Bo Han , Zhiwei Lin , Tongliang Liu

Recent work has demonstrated that machine unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) fails to generalize across languages: knowledge erased in one language frequently remains accessible through others. However, the underlying cause of this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Taoran Li , Varun Chandrasekaran , Zhiyuan Yu

Recent legal frameworks have mandated the right to be forgotten, obligating the removal of specific data upon user requests. Machine Unlearning has emerged as a promising solution by selectively removing learned information from machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Xiang Li , Bhavani Thuraisingham , Wenqi Wei

This study investigates the concept of the `right to be forgotten' within the context of large language models (LLMs). We explore machine unlearning as a pivotal solution, with a focus on pre-trained models--a notably under-researched area.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jin Yao , Eli Chien , Minxin Du , Xinyao Niu , Tianhao Wang , Zezhou Cheng , Xiang Yue

Vision-language models (VLMs) may memorize undesirable information from training data, motivating growing interest in machine unlearning. In this work, we present the first systematic survey and robustness analysis of VLM unlearning. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yujie Lin , Kaidi Jia , Jiayao Ma , Chengyi Yang , Jinsong Su

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve impressive performance once optimized on massive datasets. Such datasets often contain sensitive or copyrighted content, raising significant data privacy concerns. Regulatory frameworks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Haokun Chen , Jianing Li , Yao Zhang , Jinhe Bi , Yan Xia , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

The task of "unlearning" certain concepts in large language models (LLMs) has attracted immense attention recently, due to its importance in mitigating undesirable model behaviours, such as the generation of harmful, private, or incorrect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yihuai Hong , Lei Yu , Haiqin Yang , Shauli Ravfogel , Mor Geva

The imperative to eliminate undesirable data memorization underscores the significance of machine unlearning for large language models (LLMs). Recent research has introduced a series of promising unlearning methods, notably boosting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Qizhou Wang , Bo Han , Puning Yang , Jianing Zhu , Tongliang Liu , Masashi Sugiyama

Current multimodal misinformation detection (MMD) methods often assume a single source and type of forgery for each sample, which is insufficient for real-world scenarios where multiple forgery sources coexist. The lack of a benchmark for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Xuannan Liu , Zekun Li , Peipei Li , Huaibo Huang , Shuhan Xia , Xing Cui , Linzhi Huang , Weihong Deng , Zhaofeng He

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly shape online content, removing targeted information from well-trained LLMs (also known as LLM unlearning) has become critical for web governance. A key challenge lies in sample-wise imbalance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Pengyang Shao , Naixin Zhai , Lei Chen , Yonghui Yang , Fengbin Zhu , Xun Yang , Meng Wang

With the introduction of data protection and privacy regulations, it has become crucial to remove the lineage of data on demand from a machine learning (ML) model. In the last few years, there have been notable developments in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Ayush K Tarun , Vikram S Chundawat , Murari Mandal , Mohan Kankanhalli

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) relies on the powerful LLM to perform multimodal tasks, showing amazing emergent abilities in recent studies, such as writing poems based on an image. However, it is difficult for these case studies to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chaoyou Fu , Peixian Chen , Yunhang Shen , Yulei Qin , Mengdan Zhang , Xu Lin , Jinrui Yang , Xiawu Zheng , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Yunsheng Wu , Rongrong Ji , Caifeng Shan , Ran He

A key element in transfer learning is representation learning; if representations can be developed that expose the relevant factors underlying the data, then new tasks and domains can be learned readily based on mappings of these salient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-18 Yujia Li , Kevin Swersky , Richard Zemel

Machine unlearning is a promising approach to mitigate undesirable memorization of training data in ML models. However, in this work we show that existing approaches for unlearning in LLMs are surprisingly susceptible to a simple set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shengyuan Hu , Yiwei Fu , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

Large language models may encode sensitive information or outdated knowledge that needs to be removed, to ensure responsible and compliant model responses. Unlearning has emerged as an efficient alternative to full retraining, aiming to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuefeng Peng , Parnian Afshar , Megan Ganji , Thomas Butler , Amir Houmansadr , Mingxian Wang , Dezhi Hong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their tendency to memorize training data raises concerns regarding privacy, copyright compliance, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Arjun Dosajh , Mihika Sanghi

With the extensive use of machine learning technologies, data providers encounter increasing privacy risks. Recent legislation, such as GDPR, obligates organizations to remove requested data and its influence from a trained model. Machine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Hengzhu Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Ping Xiong

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Gemini has shown their powerful natural language generation capabilities. However, these models can inadvertently learn and retain sensitive information and harmful content…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shang Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Wanlei Zhou

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence have led to the development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, adapting these pre-trained models to dynamic data distributions and various tasks efficiently remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yukang Huo , Hao Tang