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Modern deep learning models have the ability to generate high-dimensional vectors whose similarity reflects semantic resemblance. Thus, similarity search, i.e., the operation of retrieving those vectors in a large collection that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Mariano Tepper , Ishwar Singh Bhati , Cecilia Aguerrebere , Mark Hildebrand , Ted Willke

Multimodal retrieval models fail on reasoning-intensive queries where images (diagrams, charts, screenshots) must be deeply integrated with text to identify relevant documents -- the best multimodal model achieves only 27.6 nDCG@10 on…

Information retrieval is a core component of many intelligent systems as it enables conditioning of outputs on new and large-scale datasets. While effective, the standard practice of encoding data into high-dimensional representations for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Shubham Gupta , Zichao Li , Tianyi Chen , Cem Subakan , Siva Reddy , Perouz Taslakian , Valentina Zantedeschi

Multi-Vector Similarity Search is essential for fine-grained semantic retrieval in many real-world applications, offering richer representations than traditional single-vector paradigms. Due to the lack of native multi-vector index,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Binhan Yang , Yuxiang Zeng , Hengxin Zhang , Zhuanglin Zheng , Yunzhen Chi , Yongxin Tong , Ke Xu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for document-based Open-domain Question Answering (ODQA) on large-scale industrial corpora faces two critical bottlenecks: routing failure in locating the correct document and evidence fragmentation in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Joongmin Shin , Gyuho Shim , Jeongbae Park , Jaehyung Seo , Heuiseok Lim

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the response capabilities of language models by integrating external knowledge sources. However, document chunking as an important part of RAG system often lacks effective evaluation tools. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Wensheng Lu , Keyu Chen , Ruizhi Qiao , Xing Sun

Information retrieval techniques have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in identifying semantic similarities across diverse domains through robust feature representations. However, their potential in guiding synthesis tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Hongji Yang , Yiru Li , Yingying Zhu

To effectively leverage user-specific data, retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is employed in multimodal large language model (MLLM) applications. However, conventional retrieval approaches often suffer from limited retrieval accuracy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Maoliang Li , Ke Li , Yaoyang Liu , Jiayu Chen , Zihao Zheng , Yinjun Wu , Chenchen Liu , Xiang Chen

Modern video retrieval systems are expected to handle diverse tasks ranging from corpus-level retrieval, fine-grained moment localization to flexible multimodal querying. Specialized architectures achieve strong retrieval performance by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Shaunak Halbe , Bhagyashree Puranik , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Kushan Thakkar , Vimal Bhat , Toufiq Parag

Understanding visually-rich business documents to extract structured data and automate business workflows has been receiving attention both in academia and industry. Although recent multi-modal language models have achieved impressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Zilong Wang , Yichao Zhou , Wei Wei , Chen-Yu Lee , Sandeep Tata

With the rapid proliferation of multimodal information, Visual Document Retrieval (VDR) has emerged as a critical frontier in bridging the gap between unstructured visually rich data and precise information acquisition. Unlike traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yibo Yan , Jiahao Huo , Guanbo Feng , Mingdong Ou , Yi Cao , Xin Zou , Shuliang Liu , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Yu Huang , Jungang Li , Kening Zheng , Xu Zheng , Philip S. Yu , James Kwok , Xuming Hu

Most text retrievers generate \emph{one} query vector to retrieve relevant documents. Yet, the conditional distribution of relevant documents for the query may be multimodal, e.g., representing different interpretations of the query. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hung-Ting Chen , Xiang Liu , Shauli Ravfogel , Eunsol Choi

Retrieving specific information from a large corpus of documents is a prevalent industrial use case of modern AI, notably due to the popularity of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. Although neural document retrieval models have…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Paul Teiletche , Quentin Macé , Max Conti , Antonio Loison , Gautier Viaud , Pierre Colombo , Manuel Faysse

Document retrieval is an important task for search and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications. Large Language Models (LLMs) have contributed to improving the accuracy of text-based document retrieval. However, documents with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Radek Osmulski , Gabriel de Souza P. Moreira , Ronay Ak , Mengyao Xu , Benedikt Schifferer , Even Oldridge

Search engines often follow a two-phase paradigm where in the first stage (the retrieval stage) an initial set of documents is retrieved and in the second stage (the re-ranking stage) the documents are re-ranked to obtain the final result…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Saar Kuzi , Mingyang Zhang , Cheng Li , Michael Bendersky , Marc Najork

Documents are visually rich structures that convey information through text, but also figures, page layouts, tables, or even fonts. Since modern retrieval systems mainly rely on the textual information they extract from document pages to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Manuel Faysse , Hugues Sibille , Tony Wu , Bilel Omrani , Gautier Viaud , Céline Hudelot , Pierre Colombo

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) relies on large-scale Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) to retrieve semantically relevant context for large language models. Among ANNS methods, IVF-PQ offers an attractive balance between…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Po-Kai Hsu , Weihong Xu , Qunyou Liu , Tajana Rosing , Shimeng Yu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems critically depend on retrieval quality, yet no systematic comparison of modern retrieval methods exists for heterogeneous documents containing both text and tabular data. We benchmark ten…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Meftun Akarsu , Recep Kaan Karaman , Christopher Mierbach

Comprehensively retrieving diverse documents is crucial to address queries that admit a wide range of valid answers. We introduce retrieve-verify-retrieve (RVR), a multi-round retrieval framework designed to maximize answer coverage.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Deniz Qian , Hung-Ting Chen , Eunsol Choi

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) based large language models (LLMs) are widely used in finance for their excellent performance on knowledge-intensive tasks. However, standardized documents (e.g., SEC filing) share similar formats such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Jaeyoung Choe , Jihoon Kim , Woohwan Jung