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Learning permutations is fundamental to sorting, ranking, and matching, but existing differentiable methods based on entropy-regularized Sinkhorn produce a single softened solution and collapse under ambiguity. We present PermFlow, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yimeng Min , Carla P. Gomes

Despite their popularity, to date, the application of normalizing flows on categorical data stays limited. The current practice of using dequantization to map discrete data to a continuous space is inapplicable as categorical data has no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Phillip Lippe , Efstratios Gavves

In recent years, generative models have shown remarkable capabilities across diverse fields, including images, videos, language, and decision-making. By applying powerful generative models such as flow-based models to reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jifeng Hu , Sili Huang , Siyuan Guo , Zhaogeng Liu , Li Shen , Lichao Sun , Hechang Chen , Yi Chang , Dacheng Tao

We present JanusFlow, a powerful framework that unifies image understanding and generation in a single model. JanusFlow introduces a minimalist architecture that integrates autoregressive language models with rectified flow, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yiyang Ma , Xingchao Liu , Xiaokang Chen , Wen Liu , Chengyue Wu , Zhiyu Wu , Zizheng Pan , Zhenda Xie , Haowei Zhang , Xingkai yu , Liang Zhao , Yisong Wang , Jiaying Liu , Chong Ruan

Generative models can produce nonsensical text, unrealistic images, and unstable materials faster than simulation or human review can absorb; without per-sample confidence, trust erodes. Existing fixes run $k$ ensembles or stochastic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Friso de Kruiff , Dario Coscia , Max Welling , Erik Bekkers

We combine concept-based neural networks with generative, flow-based classifiers into a novel, intrinsically explainable, exactly invertible approach to supervised learning. Prototypical neural networks, a type of concept-based neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Zachariah Carmichael , Timothy Redgrave , Daniel Gonzalez Cedre , Walter J. Scheirer

Generating high-quality time-series data is challenging because real-world signals often exhibit multimodal patterns and multiscale dynamics, including oscillations and high-frequency variations. Flow Matching (FM) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Jinbo Wang , Xu Guo , Yucheng Wang , Han Yu , Min Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

Molecular discovery is increasingly framed as an inverse design problem: identifying molecular structures that satisfy desired property profiles under feasibility constraints. While recent generative models provide continuous latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Alexander Arjun Lobo , Urvi Awasthi , Leonid Zhukov

Recent studies suggest utilizing generative models instead of traditional auto-regressive algorithms for time series forecasting (TSF) tasks. These non-auto-regressive approaches involving different generative methods, including GAN,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Jiangxuan Long , Zhao Song , Chiwun Yang

Flow-based generative models show great potential in image synthesis due to its reversible pipeline and exact log-likelihood target, yet it suffers from weak ability for conditional image synthesis, especially for multi-label or unaware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Rui Liu , Yu Liu , Xinyu Gong , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

Diffusion probabilistic models have achieved enormous success in the field of image generation and manipulation. In this paper, we explore a novel paradigm of using the diffusion model and classifier guidance in the latent semantic space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Changhao Shi , Haomiao Ni , Kai Li , Shaobo Han , Mingfu Liang , Martin Renqiang Min

Generative flows and diffusion models have been predominantly trained on ordinal data, for example natural images. This paper introduces two extensions of flows and diffusion for categorical data such as language or image segmentation:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-25 Emiel Hoogeboom , Didrik Nielsen , Priyank Jaini , Patrick Forré , Max Welling

Generating safety-critical scenarios, which are crucial yet difficult to collect, provides an effective way to evaluate the robustness of autonomous driving systems. However, the diversity of scenarios and efficiency of generation methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Wenhao Ding , Haohong Lin , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

The flow matching has rapidly become a dominant paradigm in classical generative modeling, offering an efficient way to interpolate between two complex distributions. We extend this idea to the quantum realm and introduce the Quantum Flow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Zidong Cui , Pan Zhang , Ying Tang

Flow maps enable high-quality image generation in a single forward pass. However, unlike iterative diffusion models, their lack of an explicit sampling trajectory impedes incorporating external constraints for conditional generation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Abbas Mammadov , So Takao , Bohan Chen , Ricardo Baptista , Morteza Mardani , Yee Whye Teh , Julius Berner

Generating new molecules is fundamental to advancing critical applications such as drug discovery and material synthesis. Flows can generate molecules effectively by inverting the encoding process, however, existing flow models either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yogesh Verma , Samuel Kaski , Markus Heinonen , Vikas Garg

Flow matching models have shown great potential in image generation tasks among probabilistic generative models. However, most flow matching models in the literature do not explicitly utilize the underlying clustering structure in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Anirban Samaddar , Yixuan Sun , Viktor Nilsson , Sandeep Madireddy

Flow Matching (FM) is a simulation-free method for learning a continuous and invertible flow to interpolate between two distributions, and in particular to generate data from noise. Inspired by the variational nature of the diffusion…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-14 Chen Xu , Xiuyuan Cheng , Yao Xie

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) significantly enhances controllability in generative models by interpolating conditional and unconditional predictions. However, standard CFG often employs a static unconditional input, which can be suboptimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Pengxiang Li , Shilin Yan , Joey Tsai , Renrui Zhang , Ruichuan An , Ziyu Guo , Xiaowei Gao

Flow-based generative models have demonstrated promising performance across a broad spectrum of data modalities (e.g., image and text). However, there are few works exploring their extension to unordered data (e.g., spatial point set),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yangming Li , Chaoyu Liu , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb
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