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Purpose: To assess the feasibility of deep learning-based high resolution synthetic CT generation from MRI scans of the lower arm for orthopedic applications. Methods: A conditional Generative Adversarial Network was trained to synthesize…

The specific absorbed fractions (SAF) for self- and cross-irradiation are effective tools for the internal dose estimation of inhalation and ingestion intakes of radionuclides. A set of SAFs of photon and electron were calculated using the…

Modern PET systems reach a spatial resolution of 3-10 mm. A disadvantage of this technique is the diffusion of the positron before its decay with a typical range of ca. 1 mm (depending on its energy). This motion and Compton scattering of…

Purpose: Anthropomorphic phantoms can be used in radiotherapy to confirm dose distributions. In this work, a prototype phantom with a deformable chest wall was created based on real human. Methods: A technique similar to 3-dimensional…

Purpose: The purpose of the work was experimental investigations of the breast dose distributions with adaptive filtration. Adaptive filtration reduces detector dynamic range and improves image quality. The adaptive filter with…

MRI offers outstanding soft tissue contrast that may reduce uncertainties in target and organ-at-risk delineation and enable online adaptive image-guided treatment. Spatial distortions resulting from non-linearities in the gradient fields…

Background: The normal tissue sparing effect of ultra-high dose rate irradiation (>40 Gy/s, UHDR), as compared to conventional dose rate (CONV), has attracted significant research interest for FLASH radiotherapy (RT). Accurate, dose rate…

A novel dose calculation approach was designed based on the application of LSTM network that processes the 3D patient/phantom geometry as a sequence of 2D computed tomography input slices yielding a corresponding sequence of 2D slices that…

Poor tissue visualization and quantitative accuracy in CBCT is a major barrier in expanding the role of CBCT imaging from target localization to quantitative treatment monitoring and plan adaptations in radiation therapy sessions. To…

Coincidence time resolution (CTR) in time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) has significantly improved with advancements in scintillators, photodetectors, and readout electronics. Achieving a CTR of 100 ps remains challenging…

Radiation therapy with protons as of today utilizes information from x-ray CT in order to estimate the proton stopping power of the traversed tissue in a patient. The conversion from x-ray attenuation to proton stopping power in tissue…

SPECT imaging is one of the common modalities used to examine kidney disease. The radiopharmaceuticals such as 99mTc-MAG3, 99mTc-DTPA, and 99mTc-DMSA are commonly employed for pediatric patients. It is generally accepted that children…

1.5T or 3T scanners are the current standard for clinical MRI, but low-field (<1T) scanners are still common in many lower- and middle-income countries for reasons of cost and robustness to power failures. Compared to modern high-field…

Dose painting of hypoxic tumour sub-volumes using positron-emission tomography (PET) has been shown to improve tumour control in silico in several sites. Pancreatic cancer presents a more stringent challenge, given its proximity to critical…

Accurate quantification in positron emission tomography (PET) is essential for accurate diagnostic results and effective treatment tracking. A major issue encountered in PET imaging is attenuation. Attenuation refers to the diminution of…

Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is routinely acquired during radiotherapy for patient setup, but its quantitative reliability is degraded by scatter, noise, and reconstruction artifacts, limiting Hounsfield Unit (HU) accuracy. We propose EPC-3D-Diff, a…

While contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) is standard for assessing abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), the required iodinated contrast agents pose significant risks, including nephrotoxicity, patient allergies, and environmental harm. To reduce…

We set out to simulate four reduced dose-levels (60%-dose, 40%-dose, 20%-dose, and 10%-dose) of standard CT imaging using Beer-Lambert's law across 49 patients infected with COVID-19. Then, three denoising filters, namely Gaussian,…

Background: In vivo dosimetry is essential for treatment verification in modern radiotherapy, but existing techniques are limited by spatiotemporal resolution and performance on non-uniform anatomy. Scintillation imaging dosimetry shows…

Cone-beam CT (CBCT) has been widely used in image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) to acquire updated volumetric anatomical information before treatment fractions for accurate patient alignment purpose. However, the excessive x-ray imaging…