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Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong reasoning and coding capabilities, yet they struggle to generalize to real-world software engineering (SWE) problems that are long-horizon and out of distribution. Existing systems often rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Iris Xu , Guangtao Zeng , Zexue He , Charles Jin , Aldo Pareja , Dan Gutfreund , Chuang Gan , Zhang-Wei Hong

Computer-use agents (CUAs) hold the promise of performing a wide variety of general tasks, but current evaluations have primarily focused on simple scenarios. It therefore remains unclear whether such generalist agents can automate more…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Pranjal Aggarwal , Sean Welleck

High quality bugs are key to training the next generation of language model based software engineering (SWE) agents. We introduce a novel method for synthetic generation of difficult and diverse bugs. Our method instructs SWE Agents to…

Large language model (LLM) based agents are increasingly used to tackle software engineering tasks that require multi-step reasoning and code modification, demonstrating promising yet limited performance. However, most existing LLM agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hiroaki Hayashi , Bo Pang , Wenting Zhao , Ye Liu , Akash Gokul , Srijan Bansal , Caiming Xiong , Semih Yavuz , Yingbo Zhou

Small language models (SLMs) offer compelling advantages in cost, latency, and adaptability, but have so far lagged behind larger models on long-horizon software engineering tasks such as SWE-bench, where they suffer from pervasive action…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Patrick Tser Jern Kon , Archana Pradeep , Ang Chen , Alexander P. Ellis , Warren Hunt , Zijian Wang , John Yang , Samuel Thompson

Software engineering (SWE) agents are transitioning from code generation to full software development lifecycle automation. A critical phase in this lifecycle is specification design: transforming initial proposals into carefully considered…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Grant Hamblin , Kevin Song , Zhanda Zhu , Anand Jayarajan , Sihang Liu , Nandita Vijaykumar , Gennady Pekhimenko

While current software agents powered by large language models (LLMs) and agentic reinforcement learning (RL) can boost programmer productivity, their training data (e.g., GitHub issues and pull requests) and environments (e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yuxiang Wei , Zhiqing Sun , Emily McMilin , Jonas Gehring , David Zhang , Gabriel Synnaeve , Daniel Fried , Lingming Zhang , Sida Wang

The evolution of Large Language Model (LLM) agents for software engineering (SWE) is constrained by the scarcity of verifiable datasets, a bottleneck stemming from the complexity of constructing executable environments across diverse…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chuanzhe Guo , Jingjing Wu , Sijun He , Yang Chen , Zhaoqi Kuang , Shilong Fan , Bingjin Chen , Siqi Bao , Jing Liu , Hua Wu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che , Haifeng Wang

The future of software engineering--SE 3.0--is unfolding with the rise of AI teammates: autonomous, goal-driven systems collaborating with human developers. Among these, autonomous coding agents are especially transformative, now actively…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Hao Li , Haoxiang Zhang , Ahmed E. Hassan

Software engineering (SWE) has recently emerged as a crucial testbed for next-generation LLM agents, demanding inherent capabilities in two critical dimensions: sustained iterative problem-solving (e.g., >50 interaction rounds) and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Liang Zeng , Yongcong Li , Yuzhen Xiao , Changshi Li , Chris Yuhao Liu , Rui Yan , Tianwen Wei , Jujie He , Xuchen Song , Yang Liu , Yahui Zhou

We propose SWE-Universe, a scalable and efficient framework for automatically constructing real-world software engineering (SWE) verifiable environments from GitHub pull requests (PRs). To overcome the prevalent challenges of automatic…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to software engineering (SWE), with SWE-bench as a key benchmark. Solutions are split into SWE-Agent frameworks with multi-turn interactions and workflow-based Agentless methods with…

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has led to dramatic improvements across a wide range of natural language tasks. Their performance on certain tasks can be further enhanced by incorporating test-time reasoning techniques. These…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Saurabh Pujar , Ira Ceka , Irene Manotas , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray , Shyam Ramji

Automating the adaptation of software engineering (SE) research artifacts across datasets is essential for scalability and reproducibility, yet it remains largely unstudied. Recent advances in large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Jingyi Chen , Xiaoyan Guo , Songqiang Chen , Shing-Chi Cheung , Jiasi Shen

While "Intent-oriented programming" (or "Vibe Coding") redefines software engineering, existing code agents remain tethered to static code snapshots. Consequently, they struggle to model the critical information embedded in the temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yi-Xuan Deng , Xiaoqin Liu , Yi Zhang , Guo-Wei Yang , Shuojin Yang

Automated issue solving seeks to autonomously identify and repair defective code snippets across an entire codebase. SWE-Bench has emerged as the most widely adopted benchmark for evaluating progress in this area. While LLM-based agentic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Simiao Liu , Fang Liu , Liehao Li , Xin Tan , Yinghao Zhu , Xiaoli Lian , Li Zhang

In the synthesis problem, we are given a specification, and we automatically generate a system that satisfies the specification in all environments. We introduce and study {\em synthesis with guided environments} (SGE, for short), where the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Orna Kupferman , Ofer Leshkowitz

Current benchmarks for evaluating software engineering agents, such as SWE-Bench Verified, are predominantly derived from GitHub issues and fail to accurately reflect how developers interact with chat-based coding assistants in integrated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Spandan Garg , Benjamin Steenhoek , Yufan Huang

Large language model (LLM) agents have shown great potential in solving real-world software engineering (SWE) problems. The most advanced open-source SWE agent can resolve over 27% of real GitHub issues in SWE-Bench Lite. However, these…

The growth of Large Language Model (LLM) technology has raised expectations for automated coding. However, software engineering is more than coding and is concerned with activities including maintenance and evolution of a project. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Leonhard Applis , Yuntong Zhang , Shanchao Liang , Nan Jiang , Lin Tan , Abhik Roychoudhury
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