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Generalized quantum measurements, described by positive operator-valued measures (POVMs), are essential for modeling realistic processes in open quantum systems. While quantum process tomography can fully characterize a POVM, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Sahil , Sohail

Machine learning methods have been used to infer specific properties of limited families of optical quantum states, but a unified model that predicts a broad range of properties for practically relevant-especially multimode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Xiaoting Gao , Yan Zhu , Feng-Xiao Sun , Ya-Dong Wu , Qiongyi He

Single particle detection is described in a limited way by simple models of measurements in quantum field theory. We show that a general approach, using Kraus operators in spacetime constructed from natural combinations of fields, leads to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-28 Adam Bednorz

We investigate the necessary and sufficient condition for a convex cone of positive semidefinite operators to be fixed by a unital quantum operation $\phi$ acting on finite-dimensional quantum states. By reducing this problem to the problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Kai-Yan Lee , Chi-Hang Fred Fung , H. F. Chau

We study the number of measurements required for quantum process tomography under prior information, such as a promise that the unknown channel is unitary. We introduce the notion of an interactive observable and we show that any unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-31 Gus Gutoski , Nathaniel Johnston

We develop a unified matrix-spectral framework for analyzing stability and interpretability in deep neural networks. Representing networks as data-dependent products of linear operators reveals spectral quantities governing sensitivity to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ronald Katende

Quantum technologies, encompassing communication, computation, and metrology, rely on the generation and control of non-Gaussian states of light. These states enable secure quantum communication, fault-tolerant quantum computation, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Ozlem Erkilic , Aritra Das , Biveen Shajilal , Ping Koy Lam , Timothy C. Ralph , Syed M. Assad

We introduce a framework for subspace methods which approximate the spectra of self-adjoint, unbounded operators in a local region. Using the projection-valued measure, we derive integrated spectral inequalities that also apply to unbounded…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Timothy Stroschein

We present a unified approach to quantum error correction, called operator quantum error correction. This scheme relies on a generalized notion of noiseless subsystems that is not restricted to the commutant of the interaction algebra. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 David Kribs , Raymond Laflamme , David Poulin

Eigenvalues of a density matrix characterize well the quantum state's properties, such as coherence and entanglement. We propose a simple method to determine all the eigenvalues of an unknown density matrix of a finite-dimensional system in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-24 Tohru Tanaka , Yukihiro Ota , Mitsunori Kanazawa , Gen Kimura , Hiromichi Nakazato , Franco Nori

In the present paper I formulate a framework that accommodates many unambiguous discrimination problems. I show that the prior information about any type of constituent (state, channel, or observable) allows us to reformulate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-15 Michal Sedlák

We present a general formalism for charecterizing 2-time quantum states, describing pre- and post-selected quantum systems. The most general 2-time state is characterized by a `density vector' that is independent of measurements performed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-30 Ralph Silva , Yelena Guryanova , Nicolas Brunner , Noah Linden , Anthony J. Short , Sandu Popescu

Quantum state estimation for continuously monitored dynamical systems involves assigning a quantum state to an individual system at some time, conditioned on the results of continuous observations. The quality of the estimation depends on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-26 Areeya Chantasri , Ivonne Guevara , Kiarn T. Laverick , Howard M. Wiseman

The dynamics of a quantum system are characterized by three components: quantum state, quantum process, and quantum measurement. The proper measurement of these components is a crucial issue in quantum information processing. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-28 Kazuhisa Ogawa , Takumi Matsuura , Akihisa Tomita

Mixed states of a quantum system, represented by density operators, can be decomposed as a statistical mixture of pure states in a number of ways where each decomposition can be viewed as a different preparation recipe. However the fact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-26 Sandeep K Goyal , Rajeev Singh , Sibasish Ghosh

We present a general denoising algorithm for performing simultaneous tomography of quantum states and measurement noise. This algorithm allows us to fully characterize state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors present in any quantum…

State estimation constitutes a core task in monitoring, supervision, and control of dynamic systems. This paper proposes a data-driven framework for the design of state observers for descriptor systems. Necessary and sufficient conditions…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Yuan Zhang , Yu Wang , Keke Huang , Zhongqi Sun , Tyrone Fernando

The modern framework of state transformers, i. e., the first Kraus representation of quantum measurement, is introduced and related both to the known textbook concepts and to measurement-interaction evolution (the second Kraus…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fedor Herbut

The quantum properties of quantum measurements are indispensable resources in quantum information processing and have drawn extensive research interest. The conventional approach to reveal the quantum properties relies on the reconstruction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Liang Xu , Huichao Xu , Jie Xie , Hui Li , Lin Zhou , Feixiang Xu , Lijian Zhang

In this paper, a general framework is proposed for the analysis and characterization of observability and diagnosability of finite state systems. Observability corresponds to the reconstruction of the system's discrete state, while…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-28 Elena De Santis , Maria Domenica Di Benedetto
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