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The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered as the key enabling technology for smart services. Security and privacy are particularly open challenges for IoT applications due to the widespread use of commodity devices. This work introduces…

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of digital devices like sensors, processors, embedded and communication devices that can connect to and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet. IoT devices have limitations…

The Internet of Things, or IoT, refers to the billions of physical objects around the planet that are now connected to the Internet, many of which store and exchange the data without human interaction. In recent years the Internet of Things…

Security in the Internet of Things (IoT) remains a predominant area of concern. This survey updates the state of the art covered in previous surveys and focuses on defending against threats rather than on the threats alone. This area is…

Testing and experimentation are crucial for promoting innovation and building systems that can evolve to meet high levels of service quality. IoT data that belong to users and from which their personal information can be inferred are…

It is well documented that criminals use IoT devices to facilitate crimes. The review process follows a systematic approach with a clear search strategy, and study selection strategy. The review included a total of 543 articles and the…

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has the potential to radically improve healthcare by enabling real-time monitoring, remote diagnostics, and AI-driven decision making. However, the connectivity, embedded intelligence, and inclusion of…

The continuous strengthening of the security posture of IoT ecosystems is vital due to the increasing number of interconnected devices and the volume of sensitive data shared. The utilisation of Machine Learning (ML) capabilities in the…

The Internet of Flying Things (IoFT) plays a vital role in modern applications such as aerial surveillance and smart mobility. However, it remains highly vulnerable to cyberattacks that threaten the confidentiality, integrity, and…

Machine learning (ML) underpins foundation models in finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure, making them targets for data poisoning, model extraction, prompt injection, automated jailbreaking, and preference-guided black-box…

Past Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks on Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT), such as the 2016 Ukrainian power grid attack and the 2017 Saudi petrochemical plant attack, have shown the disruptive effects of APT campaigns while new…

Machine learning is increasingly used for intrusion detection in IoT networks. This paper explores the effectiveness of using individual packet features (IPF), which are attributes extracted from a single network packet, such as timing,…

Recently, many innovations have been experienced in healthcare by rapidly growing Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology that provides significant developments and facilities in the health sector and improves daily human life. The IoT bridges…

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) generates vast quantities of data, much of it attributable to individuals' activity and behaviour. Gathering personal data and performing machine learning tasks on this data in a central location presents a…

Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming increasingly popular and are influencing many application domains such as healthcare and transportation. These devices are used for real-world applications such as sensor monitoring, real-time…

Inspired by the boom of the consumer IoT market, many device manufacturers, start-up companies and technology giants have jumped into the space. Unfortunately, the exciting utility and rapid marketization of IoT, come at the expense of…

As a massive number of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are deployed, the security and privacy issues in IoT arouse more and more attention. The IoT attacks are causing tremendous loss to the IoT networks and even threatening human…

Multi-stage threats like advanced persistent threats (APT) pose severe risks by stealing data and destroying infrastructure, with detection being challenging. APTs use novel attack vectors and evade signature-based detection by obfuscating…

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in enterprise systems exposes vulnerabilities to prompt injection attacks, strategic deception, and biased outputs, threatening security, trust, and fairness. Extending our adversarial…

Deep automation provided by self-organizing network (SON) features and their emerging variants such as zero touch automation solutions is a key enabler for increasingly dense wireless networks and pervasive Internet of Things (IoT). To…