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Although deep learning has advanced automated electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis, prevalent supervised methods typically treat recordings as undifferentiated one-dimensional (1D) signals or two-dimensional (2D) images. This formulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Runze Ma , Caizhi Liao

Echocardiography (echo) is an ultrasound imaging modality that is widely used for various cardiovascular diagnosis tasks. Due to inter-observer variability in echo-based diagnosis, which arises from the variability in echo image acquisition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Masoud Mokhtari , Neda Ahmadi , Teresa S. M. Tsang , Purang Abolmaesumi , Renjie Liao

Echocardiography interpretation requires integrating multi-view temporal evidence with quantitative measurements and guideline-grounded reasoning, yet existing foundation-model pipelines largely solve isolated subtasks and fail when tool…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Moein Heidari , Ali Mehrabian , Mohammad Amin Roohi , Wenjin Chen , David J. Foran , Jasmine Grewal , Ilker Hacihaliloglu

Decoding images from non-invasive electroencephalographic (EEG) signals has been a grand challenge in understanding how the human brain process visual information in real-world scenarios. To cope with the issues of signal-to-noise ratio and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 Chi-Sheng Chen , Chun-Shu Wei

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have shown strong potential for learning generalizable representations from large-scale neural data, yet their clinical deployment is hindered by distribution shifts across clinical settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Gabriel Jason Lee , Jathurshan Pradeepkumar , Jimeng Sun

This study presents AI-HEART, a cloud-based information system for managing and analysing long-duration ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and supporting clinician decision-making. The platform operationalises an end-to-end…

Electrocardiograms (ECG) are widely employed as a diagnostic tool for monitoring electrical signals originating from a heart. Recent machine learning research efforts have focused on the application of screening various diseases using ECG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-20 Yeongyeon Na , Minje Park , Yunwon Tae , Sunghoon Joo

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis plays a crucial role in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, but accurate interpretation of these complex signals remains challenging. This paper introduces a novel multimodal framework(GAF-FusionNet) for ECG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Jiahao Qin , Feng Liu

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are critical for diagnosing heart conditions and capturing detailed cardiac patterns. As wearable single-lead ECG devices become more common, efficient analysis methods are essential. We present NERULA…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Gouthamaan Manimaran , Sadasivan Puthusserypady , Helena Domínguez , Adrian Atienza , Jakob E. Bardram

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple non-invasive measure to identify heart-related issues such as irregular heartbeats known as arrhythmias. While artificial intelligence and machine learning is being utilized in a wide range of healthcare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Minh Cao , Tianqi Zhao , Yanxun Li , Wenhao Zhang , Peyman Benharash , Ramin Ramezani

Physiological signals such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and electroencephalograms (EEG) provide complementary insights into human health and cognition, yet multi-modal integration is challenging due to limited multi-modal labeled data, and…

Reliable interpretation of echocardiography (Echo) is crucial for assessing cardiac function, which demands clinicians to synchronously orchestrate multiple capabilities, including visual observation (eyes), manual measurement (hands), and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Qin Wang , Zhiqing He , Yu Liu , Bowen Guo , Zeju Li , Miao Zhao , Wenhao Ju , Zhiling Luo , Xianhong Shu , Yi Guo , Yuanyuan Wang

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a well-known technique used to diagnose cardiac diseases. To acquire the spatial signal characteristics from the thorax, multiple electrodes are commonly used. Displacements of electrodes affect the signal…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Andra Oltmann , Roman Kusche , Philipp Rostalski

Electrocardiogram (ECG), a non-invasive and affordable tool for cardiac monitoring, is highly sensitive in detecting acute heart attacks. However, due to the lengthy nature of ECG recordings, numerous machine learning methods have been…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Yue Wang , Xu Cao , Yaojun Hu , Haochao Ying , Hongxia Xu , Ruijia Wu , James Matthew Rehg , Jimeng Sun , Jian Wu , Jintai Chen

Interpretability is essential in medical imaging to ensure that clinicians can comprehend and trust artificial intelligence models. In this paper, we propose a novel interpretable approach that combines attribute regularization of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-15 Maxime Di Folco , Cosmin I. Bercea , Julia A. Schnabel

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a key diagnostic tool in cardiovascular health. Single-lead ECG recording is integrated into both clinical-grade and consumer wearables. While self-supervised pretraining of foundation models on unlabeled ECGs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuxuan Shu , Peter H. Charlton , Fahim Kawsar , Jussi Hernesniemi , Mohammad Malekzadeh

Purpose: Chest X-rays are essential for diagnosing pulmonary conditions, but limited access in resource-constrained settings can delay timely diagnosis. Electrocardiograms (ECGs), in contrast, are widely available, non-invasive, and often…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Julia Matejas , Olaf Żurawski , Nils Strodthoff , Juan Miguel Lopez Alcaraz

Emotion recognition is essential for applications in affective computing and behavioral prediction, but conventional systems relying on single-modality data often fail to capture the complexity of affective states. To address this…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jianlu Wang , Yanan Wang , Tong Liu

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is essential for the clinical diagnosis of arrhythmias and other heart diseases, but deep learning methods based on ECG often face limitations due to the need for high-quality annotations. Although previous ECG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiarui Jin , Haoyu Wang , Hongyan Li , Jun Li , Jiahui Pan , Shenda Hong

Modern diagnostic workflows are increasingly multimodal, integrating diverse data sources such as medical images, structured records, and physiological time series. Among these, electrocardiograms (ECGs) and chest X-rays (CXRs) are two of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Vineet Punyamoorty , Aditya Malusare , Vaneet Aggarwal