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In the field of digital signal processing, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is a fundamental algorithm, with its processors being implemented using either the pipelined architecture, well-known for high-throughput applications but weak in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Fangyu Zhao , Chunhua Xiao , Zhiguo Wang , Xiaohua Du , Bo Dong

We present a hardware-accelerated SAT solver suitable for processor/Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) hybrid platforms, which have become the norm in the embedded domain. Our solution addresses a known bottleneck in SAT solving…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Hariprasadh Godindasamy , Babak Esfandiari , Paulo Garcia

Low-latency, energy-efficient deep neural networks (DNNs) inference are critical for edge applications, where traditional cloud-based deployment suffers from high latency and security risks. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) offer a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Zeyu Guo

Weight-only quantization has emerged as a promising solution to the deployment challenges of large language models (LLMs). However, it necessitates FP-INT operations, which make implementation on general-purpose hardware like GPUs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Gunho Park , Hyeokjun Kwon , Jiwoo Kim , Jeongin Bae , Baeseong Park , Dongsoo Lee , Youngjoo Lee

Neural networks commonly execute on hardware accelerators such as NPUs and GPUs for their size and computation overhead. These accelerators are costly and it is hard to scale their resources to handle real-time workload fluctuations. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jaemin Kim , Hongjun Um , Sungkyun Kim , Yongjun Park , Jiwon Seo

Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs) continue to grow in size and currently contain several millions of gates. At the same time, research effort is going into higher-level hardware synthesis methodologies for reconfigurable computing that can…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Issam Damaj

Approximate computing is a new computing paradigm. One important area of it is designing approximate circuits for FPGA. Modern FPGAs support dual-output LUT, which can significantly reduce the area of FPGA designs. Several existing works…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Jian Shi , Xuan Wang , Chang Meng , Weikang Qian

Evolutionary algorithms can outperform conventional placement algorithms such as simulated annealing, analytical placement as well as manual placement on metrics such as runtime, wirelength, pipelining cost, and clock frequency when mapping…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Niansong Zhang , Xiang Chen , Nachiket Kapre

The rapid adoption of low-precision arithmetic in artificial intelligence and edge computing has created a strong demand for energy-efficient and flexible floating-point multiply-accumulate (MAC) units. This paper presents a dual-precision…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Shubham Kumar , Vijay Pratap Sharma , Vaibhav Neema , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

As the performance gains from accelerating quantized matrix multiplication plateau, the softmax operation becomes the critical bottleneck in Transformer inference. This bottleneck stems from two hardware limitations: (1) limited data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zisheng Ye , Xiaoyu He , Maoyuan Song , Guoliang Qiu , Chao Liao , Chen Wu , Yonggang Sun , Zhichun Li , Xiaoru Xie , Yuanyong Luo , Hu Liu , Pinyan Lu , Heng Liao

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and linear convolution implementations, integrating both conventional methods and novel approaches leveraging the Bit Slicing Multiplier (BSM) technique. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Aravind Kumar N , Hari Krishna S , Anita Angeline A

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved significant success in computer vision. However, their intensive computations and massive memory footprint challenge ViTs' deployment on embedded devices, calling for efficient ViTs. Among them,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Haikuo Shao , Huihong Shi , Wendong Mao , Zhongfeng Wang

In this paper, we investigate how field programmable gate arrays can serve as hardware accelerators for real-time semantic segmentation tasks relevant for autonomous driving. Considering compressed versions of the ENet convolutional neural…

In the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) design flow, one of the most time-consuming step is the routing of nets. Therefore, there is a need to accelerate it. In a recent paper by Hoo et. al., the authors have developed a Linear…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Rohit Agrawal , Chin Hao Hoo , Kapil Ahuja , Akash Kumar

In the field of cryptography till date the 1-byte in 1-clock is the best known RC4 hardware design [1], while the 1-byte in 3clocks is the best known implementation [2,3]. The design algorithm in [1] considers two consecutive bytes together…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2012-07-30 Rourab Paul , Sangeet Saha , Jkm Sadique Uz Zaman , Suman Das , Amlan Chakrabarti , Ranjan Ghosh

This paper explores practical aspects of using a high-level functional language for GPU-based arithmetic on ``midsize'' integers. By this we mean integers of up to about a quarter million bits, which is sufficient for most practical…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Cosmin E. Oancea , Stephen M. Watt

In the field of High Performance Computing, communications among processes represent a typical bottleneck for massively parallel scientific applications. Object of this research is the development of a network interface card with specific…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Roberto Ammendola

Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is widely used in security applications such as public key cryptography (PKC) and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP). ECC is composed of modular arithmetic, where modular multiplication takes most of the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Jonathan Ku , Junyao Zhang , Haoxuan Shan , Saichand Samudrala , Jiawen Wu , Qilin Zheng , Ziru Li , JV Rajendran , Yiran Chen

Although quantization for linear layers has been widely used, its application to accelerate the attention process remains limited. To further enhance the efficiency of attention computation compared to SageAttention while maintaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Jintao Zhang , Haofeng Huang , Pengle Zhang , Jia Wei , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

Deployment of deep neural networks for applications that require very high throughput or extremely low latency is a severe computational challenge, further exacerbated by inefficiencies in mapping the computation to hardware. We present a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-08 Yaman Umuroglu , Yash Akhauri , Nicholas J. Fraser , Michaela Blott