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Since the inception of BERT, encoder-only Transformers have evolved significantly in computational efficiency, training stability, and long-context modeling. ModernBERT consolidates these advances by integrating Rotary Positional Embeddings…

We present VBART, the first Turkish sequence-to-sequence Large Language Models (LLMs) pre-trained on a large corpus from scratch. VBART are compact LLMs based on good ideas leveraged from BART and mBART models and come in two sizes, Large…

Transformer based pre-trained models such as BERT and its variants, which are trained on large corpora, have demonstrated tremendous success for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Most of academic works are based on the English…

Neural information retrieval systems excel in high-resource languages but remain underexplored for morphologically rich, lower-resource languages such as Turkish. Dense bi-encoders currently dominate Turkish IR, yet late-interaction models…

Deep learning-based and lately Transformer-based language models have been dominating the studies of natural language processing in the last years. Thanks to their accurate and fast fine-tuning characteristics, they have outperformed…

Large language models have achieved strong performance across many NLP tasks, yet Urdu remains comparatively underexplored due to limited resources and fragmented evaluation settings. To address this gap, we introduce DunbaaBERT, a family…

The Arabic language is a morphologically rich language with relatively few resources and a less explored syntax compared to English. Given these limitations, Arabic Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks like Sentiment Analysis (SA), Named…

Transformer-based models have advanced NLP, yet Hebrew still lacks a large-scale RoBERTa encoder which is extensively trained. Existing models such as HeBERT, AlephBERT, and HeRo are limited by corpus size, vocabulary, or training depth. We…

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have increasingly enabled LegalTech applications, yet existing studies specific to Turkish law have still been limited due to the scarcity of domain-specific data and models. Although…

In recent years, major advancements in natural language processing (NLP) have been driven by the emergence of large language models (LLMs), which have significantly revolutionized research and development within the field. Building upon…

Recent innovations in architecture, pre-training, and fine-tuning have led to the remarkable in-context learning and reasoning abilities of large auto-regressive language models such as LLaMA and DeepSeek. In contrast, encoders like BERT…

One fundamental task for NLP is to determine the similarity between two texts and evaluate the extent of their likeness. The previous methods for the Persian language have low accuracy and are unable to comprehend the structure and meaning…

The surge of pre-trained language models has begun a new era in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) by allowing us to build powerful language models. Among these models, Transformer-based models such as BERT have become…

This study introduces and evaluates tiny, mini, small, and medium-sized uncased Turkish BERT models, aiming to bridge the research gap in less-resourced languages. We trained these models on a diverse dataset encompassing over 75GB of text…

In this work, we present VNLP: the first dedicated, complete, open-source, well-documented, lightweight, production-ready, state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing (NLP) package for the Turkish language. It contains a wide variety of…

Advances in transformer-based language models have highlighted the benefits of language-specific pre-training on high-quality corpora. In this context, German NLP stands to gain from updated architectures and modern datasets tailored to the…

Turkish is one of the most popular languages in the world. Wide us of this language on social media platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, or Tiktok and strategic position of the country in the world politics makes it appealing for the…

Deep neural language models such as BERT have enabled substantial recent advances in many natural language processing tasks. Due to the effort and computational cost involved in their pre-training, language-specific models are typically…

Kyrgyz remains a low-resource language with limited foundational NLP tools. To address this gap, we introduce KyrgyzBERT, the first publicly available monolingual BERT-based language model for Kyrgyz. The model has 35.9M parameters and uses…

We introduce TurBLiMP, the first Turkish benchmark of linguistic minimal pairs, designed to evaluate the linguistic abilities of monolingual and multilingual language models (LMs). Covering 16 linguistic phenomena with 1000 minimal pairs…