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This work addresses a fundamental barrier in recommender systems: the inability to generalize across domains without extensive retraining. Traditional ID-based approaches fail entirely in cold-start and cross-domain scenarios where new…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yangqin Jiang , Xubin Ren , Lianghao Xia , Da Luo , Kangyi Lin , Chao Huang

Semantic identifiers (IDs) have proven effective in adapting large language models for generative recommendation and retrieval. However, existing methods often suffer from semantic ID conflicts, where semantically similar documents (or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ruohan Zhang , Jiacheng Li , Julian McAuley , Yupeng Hou

Generative recommendation (GR) is an emerging paradigm that tokenizes items into discrete tokens and learns to autoregressively generate the next tokens as predictions. While this token-generation paradigm is expected to surpass traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yijie Ding , Jiacheng Li , Julian McAuley , Yupeng Hou

Recent advancements in generative models have allowed the emergence of a promising paradigm for recommender systems (RS), known as Generative Recommendation (GR), which tries to unify rich item semantics and collaborative filtering signals.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jingzhe Liu , Liam Collins , Jiliang Tang , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Clark Mingxuan Ju

Recommender systems typically retrieve items from an item corpus for personalized recommendations. However, such a retrieval-based recommender paradigm faces two limitations: 1) the human-generated items in the corpus might fail to satisfy…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Wenjie Wang , Xinyu Lin , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He , Tat-Seng Chua

A core objective in recommender systems is to accurately model the distribution of user preferences over items to enable personalized recommendations. Recently, driven by the strong generative capabilities of large language models (LLMs),…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuanbo Zhao , Ruochen Liu , Senzhang Wang , Jun Yin , Yuxin Dong , Huan Gong , Hao Chen , Shirui Pan , Chengqi Zhang

Integrating product catalogs and user behavior into LLMs can enhance recommendations with broad world knowledge, but the scale of real-world item catalogs, often containing millions of discrete item identifiers (Item IDs), poses a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Anushya Subbiah , Vikram Aggarwal , James Pine , Steffen Rendle , Krishna Sayana , Kun Su

Traditional sequential recommendation (SR) methods heavily rely on explicit item IDs to capture user preferences over time. This reliance introduces critical limitations in cold-start scenarios and domain transfer tasks, where unseen items…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Wuhan Chen , Zongwei Wang , Min Gao , Xin Xia , Feng Jiang , Junhao Wen

Generative models are increasingly used in recommender systems, both for modeling user behavior as event sequences and for integrating large language models into recommendation pipelines. A key challenge in this setting is the extremely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Kirill Khrylchenko

Generative Recommender Systems using semantic ids, such as TIGER (Rajput et al., 2023), have emerged as a widely adopted competitive paradigm in sequential recommendation. However, existing architectures are designed solely for semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yanchen Jiang , Zhe Feng , Christopher P. Mah , Aranyak Mehta , Di Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong potential for recommendation by framing item prediction as a token-by-token language generation task. However, existing methods treat all item tokens equally, simply pursuing likelihood…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zijie Lin , Yang Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhao , Fengbin Zhu , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Generative Recommendation (GR) has excelled by framing recommendation as next-token prediction. This paradigm relies on Semantic IDs (SIDs) to tokenize large-scale items into discrete sequences. Existing GR approaches predominantly generate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jie Jiang , Xinxun Zhang , Enming Zhang , Yuling Xiong , Jun Zhang , Jingwen Wang , Huan Yu , Yuxiang Wang , Hao Wang , Xiao Yan , Jiawei Jiang

Personalized image generation is crucial for improving the user experience, as it renders reference images into preferred ones according to user visual preferences. Although effective, existing methods face two main issues. First, existing…

Randomly-hashed item ids are used ubiquitously in recommendation models. However, the learned representations from random hashing prevents generalization across similar items, causing problems of learning unseen and long-tail items,…

Generative models have recently demonstrated strong potential in multi-behavior recommendation systems, leveraging the expressive power of transformers and tokenization to generate personalized item sequences. However, their adoption is…

Existing neural relevance models do not give enough consideration for query and item context information which diversifies the search results to adapt for personal preference. To bridge this gap, this paper presents a neural learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Deguang Kong , Daniel Zhou , Zhiheng Huang , Steph Sigalas

In modern commercial systems, including Recommendation, Ranking, and E-Commerce platforms, there is a trend towards improving customer experiences by incorporating Personalization context as input into Large Language Models (LLMs). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jiarui Zhang

Recent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) have led to the development of NLP-based recommender systems that have shown superior performance. However, current models commonly treat items as mere IDs and adopt discriminative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jinming Li , Wentao Zhang , Tian Wang , Guanglei Xiong , Alan Lu , Gerard Medioni

Sequential recommendation is a task to capture hidden user preferences from historical user item interaction data and recommend next items for the user. Significant progress has been made in this domain by leveraging classification based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Panfeng Cao , Pietro Lio

Semantic IDs (SIDs) define the generation space of generative recommendation and directly determine its personalization ceiling. However, existing tokenizers are trained independently with retrieval objectives, leaving personalization…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Shuli Wang