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Accurate classification of sleep stages from less obtrusive sensor measurements such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) or photoplethysmogram (PPG) could enable important applications in sleep medicine. Existing approaches to this problem have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Jonathan F. Carter , Lionel Tarassenko

Improving resolution and sensitivity will widen possible medical applications of magnetic particle imaging. Pulsed excitation promises such benefits, at the cost of more complex hardware solutions and restrictions on drive field amplitude…

Traditionally, the neuronal dynamics underlying electroencephalograms (EEG) have been understood as arising from \textit{rhythmic oscillators with varying degrees of synchronization}. This dominant metaphor employs frequency domain EEG…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-15 Javier Díaz , Hiroyasu Ando , GoEun Han , Olga Malyshevskaya , Xifang Hayashi , Juan-Carlos Letelier , Masashi Yanagisawa , Kaspar E. Vogt

Most EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) require a considerable amount of training data to calibrate the classification model, owing to the high variability in the EEG data, which manifests itself between participants, but also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Oleksandr Zlatov , Benjamin Blankertz

Objective: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown great potential in the field of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). The raw Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is usually represented as 2-Dimensional (2-D) matrix composed of channels…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-31 Xinbin Liang , Yaru Liu , Yang Yu , Kaixuan Liu , Yadong Liu , Zongtan Zhou

We report an optically modulated experimental realization of a photonic time crystal (PTC) in the microwave regime, demonstrating for the first time that the PTC exponential growth can overcome losses and finite-size constraints of a…

Drug delivery to the brain is limited by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We developed a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT)-based transcranial focused ultrasound system capable of both delivering therapy via BBB opening and…

Noninvasive brain stimulation can activate neurons in the brain but requires power electronics with exceptionally high power in the mega-volt-ampere and high frequencies in the kilohertz range. Whereas oscillator circuits offered only one…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Jinshui Zhang , Angel Peterchev , Stefan Goetz

Spatial and temporal light modulation is a well-established technology that enables dynamic shaping of the phase and amplitude of optical fields, significantly enhancing the resolution and sensitivity of imaging methods. Translating this…

Biomedical decision making involves multiple signal processing, either from different sensors or from different channels. In both cases, information fusion plays a significant role. A deep learning based electroencephalogram channels'…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Fábio Mendonça , Sheikh Shanawaz Mostafa , Diogo Freitas , Fernando Morgado-Dias , Antonio G. Ravelo-García

Accurate intraoperative localization of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is essential for the efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in patients with Parkinson's disease. While microelectrode recordings (MERs) provide rich…

A device and a method for producing ultrashort electron pulses with GHz repetition rates via pulsing an input direct current (dc) electron beam are provided. The device and the method are based on an electromagnetic-mechanical pulser (EMMP)…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-08-18 Jiaqi Qiu , Gwanghui Ha , Chunguang Jing , Sergey V. Baryshev , Bryan W. Reed , Yimei Zhu , June W. Lau

Historically, the analysis of stimulus-dependent time-frequency patterns has been the cornerstone of most electroencephalography (EEG) studies. The abnormal oscillations in high-frequency waves associated with psychotic disorders during…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-05 Sadi Md. Redwan , Md Palash Uddin , Anwaar Ulhaq , Muhammad Imran Sharif

A brain--machine interface (BMI) based on motor imagery (MI) enables the control of devices using brain signals while the subject imagines performing a movement. It plays a vital role in prosthesis control and motor rehabilitation. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Xiaying Wang , Michael Hersche , Michele Magno , Luca Benini

Although obtaining deep brain activity from non-invasive scalp electroencephalography (sEEG) is crucial for neuroscience and clinical diagnosis, directly generating high-fidelity intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals remains a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-26 Dongyi He , Bin Jiang , Kecheng Feng , Luyin Zhang , Ling Liu , Yuxuan Li , Yun Zhao , He Yan

Electromagnetic medical imaging in the microwave regime is a hard problem notorious for 1) instability 2) under-determinism. This two-pronged problem is tackled with a two-pronged solution that uses double compression to maximally utilizing…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-07-26 A. Al-Saffar , L. Guo , A. Abbosh

Identifying what aspects of brain activity are responsible for conscious perception remains one of the most challenging problems in science. While progress has been made through psychophysical studies employing EEG and fMRI, research would…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-14 Daniel K. Freeman , Brian Odegaard , Seung-Schik Yoo , Matthias Michel

This article examined brain signals of people with disabilities using various signal processing methods to achieve the desired accuracy for utilizing brain-computer interfaces (BCI). EEG signals resulted from 5 mental tasks of word…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Fateme Dehrouye-Semnani , Nasrollah Moghada Charkari , Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Mirbagheri

The Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (EEG) technique consists of estimating the cortical distribution of signals over time of electrical activity and also of locating the zones of primary sensory projection. Moreover, it is able to record…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-02 Ridha jarray , Abir Hadriche , Cokri ben Amar , Nawel Jmail

Human computer interaction has become integral to modern life, driven by advancements in machine learning technologies. Affective computing, in particular, has focused on systems that recognize, interpret, and respond to human emotions,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-23 Karim Alghoul , Hussein Al Osman , Abdulmotaleb El Saddik