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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which bridge the gap between audio-visual and natural language processing, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several audio-visual tasks. Despite the superior performance of MLLMs, the scarcity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinming Wen , Xinyi Wu , Shuai Zhao , Yanhao Jia , Yuwen Li

Ensuring the safety and alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values is crucial for generating responses that are beneficial to humanity. While LLMs have the capability to identify and avoid harmful queries, they remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yihua Zhou , Xiaochuan Shi

Multi-Agent Debate (MAD), leveraging collaborative interactions among Large Language Models (LLMs), aim to enhance reasoning capabilities in complex tasks. However, the security implications of their iterative dialogues and role-playing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Senmao Qi , Yifei Zou , Peng Li , Ziyi Lin , Xiuzhen Cheng , Dongxiao Yu

Iterative jailbreak methods that repeatedly rewrite and input prompts into large language models (LLMs) to induce harmful outputs -- using the model's previous responses to guide each new iteration -- have been found to be a highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Masahiro Kaneko , Zeerak Talat , Timothy Baldwin

Vision-language models (VLMs) have become central to tasks such as visual question answering, image captioning, and text-to-image generation. However, their outputs are highly sensitive to prompt variations, which can reveal vulnerabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Aarush Noheria , Yuguang Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significantly advanced capabilities in understanding and generating human language text, which have gained increasing popularity over recent years. Apart from their state-of-the-art natural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yihe Zhou , Tao Ni , Wei-Bin Lee , Qingchuan Zhao

Recent advancements in AI safety have led to increased efforts in training and red-teaming large language models (LLMs) to mitigate unsafe content generation. However, these safety mechanisms may not be comprehensive, leaving potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Emet Bethany , Mazal Bethany , Juan Arturo Nolazco Flores , Sumit Kumar Jha , Peyman Najafirad

The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLRMs) has enabled sophisticated visual reasoning capabilities by integrating reinforcement learning and Chain-of-Thought (CoT) supervision. However, while these enhanced reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Bingrui Sima , Linhua Cong , Wenxuan Wang , Kun He

Despite efforts to align large language models (LLMs) with societal and moral values, these models remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks -- methods designed to elicit harmful responses. Jailbreaking black-box LLMs is considered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Muyang Zheng , Yuanzhi Yao , Changting Lin , Caihong Kai , Yanxiang Chen , Zhiquan Liu

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought impressive advancements across various tasks. However, despite these achievements, LLMs still pose inherent safety risks, especially in the context of jailbreak attacks. Most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shi Lin , Hongming Yang , Rongchang Li , Xun Wang , Changting Lin , Wenpeng Xing , Meng Han

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across various tasks, they encounter potential security risks such as jailbreak attacks, which exploit vulnerabilities to bypass security measures and generate harmful…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Xinyuan Wang , Victor Shea-Jay Huang , Renmiao Chen , Hao Wang , Chengwei Pan , Lei Sha , Minlie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks. Nevertheless, they still pose notable safety risks due to potential misuse for malicious purposes. Jailbreaking, which seeks to induce models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hua Tang , Lingyong Yan , Yukun Zhao , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jizhou Huang , Dawei Yin

In the past few years, Language Models (LMs) have shown par-human capabilities in several domains. Despite their practical applications and exceeding user consumption, they are susceptible to jailbreaks when malicious input exploits the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Charlotte Siska , Anush Sankaran

As audio-visual multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, understanding their vulnerabilities is crucial. To this end, we introduce Multi-Modal Typography, a systematic study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tianle Chen , Deepti Ghadiyaram

Although large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements, their security remains a pressing concern. One major threat is jailbreak attacks, where adversarial prompts bypass model safeguards to generate harmful or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Tiehan Cui , Yanxu Mao , Peipei Liu , Congying Liu , Datao You

Research endeavors have been made in learning robust Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) against jailbreak attacks. However, existing methods for improving MLLMs' robustness still face critical challenges: \ding{172} how to efficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Liming Lu , Xiang Gu , Shuchao Pang , Siyuan Liang , Haotian Zhu , Xiyu Zeng , Xu Zheng , Yongbin Zhou

Large vision-language models (VLMs) such as GPT-4 have achieved unprecedented performance in response generation, especially with visual inputs, enabling more creative and adaptable interaction than large language models such as ChatGPT.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yunqing Zhao , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Xiao Yang , Chongxuan Li , Ngai-Man Cheung , Min Lin

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have revolutionized vision-language understanding but remain vulnerable to multimodal jailbreak attacks, where adversarial inputs are meticulously crafted to elicit harmful or inappropriate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Sejoon Oh , Yiqiao Jin , Megha Sharma , Donghyun Kim , Eric Ma , Gaurav Verma , Srijan Kumar

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in executing complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they are susceptible to jailbreak attacks and can be manipulated to produce harmful outputs. Recently, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Zhao Xu , Fan Liu , Hao Liu

Progress in image generation raises significant public security concerns. We argue that fake image detection should not operate as a "black box". Instead, an ideal approach must ensure both strong generalization and transparency. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yikun Ji , Yan Hong , Jiahui Zhan , Haoxing Chen , jun lan , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Liqing Zhang , Jianfu Zhang