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Power-to-Hydrogen is crucial for the renewable energy transition, yet existing literature lacks business models for the significant excess heat it generates. This study addresses this by evaluating three models for selling…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Kristoffer Christensen , Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen , Zheng Grace Ma

We develop a bidding strategy for a hybrid power plant combining co-located wind turbines and an electrolyzer, constructing a price-quantity bidding curve for the day-ahead electricity market while optimally scheduling hydrogen production.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-27 Yannick Heiser , Farzaneh Pourahmadi , Jalal Kazempour

Green hydrogen production by water electrolysis using renewable electricity is considered essential for decarbonisation of certain sectors of the global economy, however development of the industry is lagging behind expectations due to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Owen Palmer , Hugo Radet , Simon Camal , Jalal Kazempour , Robin Girard

This article proposes a fundamental methodological shift in the modelling of policy interventions for sustainability transitions in order to account for complexity (e.g. self-reinforcing mechanism arising from multi-agent interactions) and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-03-23 J. -F. Mercure , H. Pollitt , A. M. Bassi , J. E Viñuales , N. R. Edwards

As the European countries strive to meet their ambitious climate goals, renewable hydrogen has emerged to aid in decarbonizing energy-intensive sectors and support the overall energy transition. To ensure that hydrogen production aligns…

General Economics · Economics 2025-03-17 E. Hordvei , S. Hummelen , M. Petersen , S. Backe , P. Granado

As the European countries strive to meet their ambitious climate goals, renewable hydrogen has emerged to aid in decarbonizing energy-intensive sectors and support the overall energy transition. To ensure that hydrogen production aligns…

Power-to-X (P2X) needs to scale up rapidly to provide the fuels required in the hard-to-decarbonize industrial and heavy transport sector. Only recently, the European Commission proposed requirements for \textit{renewable} fuels. P2X energy…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-09-25 Ioannis Kountouris , Lissy Langer , Rasmus Bramstoft , Marie Münster , Dogan Keles

Green hydrogen is essential for producing renewable fuels that are needed in sectors that are hard to electrify directly. Hydrogen production in a grid-connected hybrid renewable energy plant necessitates smart planning to meet long-term…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-23 Sleiman Farah , Neeraj Bokde , Gorm Bruun Andresen

Extracting green hydrogen from renewable energy sources is a new concept in the energy industry. As an energy carrier, hydrogen is well capable of facilitating a strong coupling between various energy sectors, as well as integration of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-14 Abbas Rabiee , Andrew Keane , Alireza Soroudi

Microgrids are deployed to reduce purchased grid energy, limit exposure to volatile tariffs, and ensure service continuity during disturbances. This requires coordinating heterogeneous distributed energy resources across multiple time…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Jakub Muszyński , Ignacy Walużenicz , Patryk Zan , Zofia Wrona , Maria Ganzha , Marcin Paprzycki , Costin Bădică

We study the optimal green hydrogen production and energy market participation of a renewable-colocated hydrogen producer (RCHP) that utilizes onsite renewable generation for both hydrogen production and grid services. Under deterministic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Siying Li , Lang Tong , Timothy Mount , Kanchan Upadhyay , Harris Eisenhardt , Pradip Kumar

Climate neutrality paradigms put electricity systems at the core of a clean energy supply. At the same time, indirect electrification, with a potential uptake of hydrogen or derived fuel economy, plays a crucial role in decarbonising the…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-27 Felix Frischmuth , Mattis Berghoff , Martin Braun , Philipp Haertel

The EU targets 10 Mt of green hydrogen production by 2030, but has not committed to targets for 2040. Green hydrogen competes with carbon capture and storage, biomass and imports in reaching emissions reductions; earlier studies have…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Koen van Greevenbroek , Johannes Schmidt , Marianne Zeyringer , Alexander Horsch

Green hydrogen is thought to be a game changer for reaching sustainability targets. However, the transition to a green hydrogen economy faces a critical challenge known as the `chicken-and-egg dilemma', wherein establishing a hydrogen…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-09 Sezen Ece Kayacık , Beste Basciftci , Albert H. Schrotenboer , Iris F. A. Vis , Evrim Ursavas

The use of green hydrogen can support the decarbonization of sectors which are difficult to electrify, such as industry or heavy transport. Yet, the wider power sector effects of providing green hydrogen are not well understood so far. We…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-27 Dana Kirchem , Wolf-Peter Schill

The rapid emergence of hydrogen in long-term energy strategies requires a broad understanding on how hydrogen is currently modelled in national energy system models. This study provides a review on hydrogen representation within selected…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-02-18 Muhammad Maladoh Bah , Sheng Wang , Mohsen Kia , Andrew Keane , Terence O'Donnell

Hybrid power plants comprising renewable power sources and electrolyzers are envisioned to play a key role in accelerating the transition towards decarbonization. It is common in the current literature to use simplified operational models…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Manuel Tobias Baumhof , Enrica Raheli , Andrea Gloppen Johnsen , Jalal Kazempour

Green hydrogen is a critical component for achieving the European Union's 2050 net-zero emissions goal. However, ensuring a reliable and stable supply is challenging, particularly when local production of green hydrogen is subject to high…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Sezen Ece Kayacik , Albert H. Schrotenboer , Iris F. A. Vis , Beste Basciftci , Evrim Ursavas

The global energy landscape is experiencing a transformative shift, with an increasing emphasis on sustainable and clean energy sources. Hydrogen remains a promising candidate for decarbonization, energy storage, and as an alternative fuel.…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-01 Mohammad Asghari , Hamid Afshari , Mohamad Y Jaber , Cory Searcy

Green hydrogen production via electrolysis is crucial for decarbonization but faces significant economic hurdles primarily due to the high cost of the electricity. However, current electrolyzer-based hydrogen production processes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Zhichao Chen , Hongyuan Sheng , Hao Wang , Jiaze Ma
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