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The challenge of fairness arises when Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems do not perform equally well for all sub-groups of the population. In the past few years there have been many improvements in overall speech recognition…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Irina-Elena Veliche , Pascale Fung

Watermarking for large language models (LLMs) offers a promising approach to identifying AI-generated text. Existing approaches, however, either compromise the distribution of original generated text by LLMs or are limited to embedding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Ya Jiang , Chuxiong Wu , Massieh Kordi Boroujeny , Brian Mark , Kai Zeng

Digital watermarks can be embedded into AI-generated content (AIGC) by initializing the generation process with starting points sampled from a secret distribution. When combined with pseudorandom error-correcting codes, such watermarked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 De Zhang Lee , Han Fang , Hanyi Wang , Ee-Chien Chang

The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has revolutionized content creation across text, visual, and audio domains, simultaneously introducing significant risks such as misinformation, identity fraud, and content…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Lele Cao

With the rise of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms,safeguarding the intellectual property of deep learning models is becoming paramount. Among various protective measures, trigger set watermarking has emerged as a flexible and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Hongyu Zhu , Sichu Liang , Wentao Hu , Fangqi Li , Ju Jia , Shilin Wang

We propose V2Flow, a novel tokenizer that produces discrete visual tokens capable of high-fidelity reconstruction, while ensuring structural and latent distribution alignment with the vocabulary space of large language models (LLMs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Guiwei Zhang , Tianyu Zhang , Mohan Zhou , Yalong Bai , Biye Li

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have been widely deployed in modern smart devices to provide convenient and diverse voice-controlled services. Since ASR systems are vulnerable to audio replay attacks that can spoof and mislead…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Shu Wang , Jiahao Cao , Xu He , Kun Sun , Qi Li

Generative models have enabled easy creation and generation of images of all kinds given a single prompt. However, this has also raised ethical concerns about what is an actual piece of content created by humans or cameras compared to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Aryaman Shaan , Garvit Banga , Raghav Mantri

The audio watermarking technique embeds messages into audio and accurately extracts messages from the watermarked audio. Traditional methods develop algorithms based on expert experience to embed watermarks into the time-domain or…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Pengcheng Li , Xulong Zhang , Jing Xiao , Jianzong Wang

Recent advances in voice cloning and lip synchronization models have enabled Synthesized Audiovisual Forgeries (SAVFs), where both audio and visuals are manipulated to mimic a target speaker. This significantly increases the risk of…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Minyoung Kim , Sehwan Park , Sungmin Cha , Paul Hongsuck Seo

This paper considers the problem of multi-bit generative watermarking for large language models under a worst-case false-alarm constraint. Prior work established a lower bound on the achievable miss-detection probability in the finite-token…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yu-Shin Huang , Chao Tian , Krishna Narayanan

We present VoiceRestore, a novel approach to restoring the quality of speech recordings using flow-matching Transformers trained in a self-supervised manner on synthetic data. Our method tackles a wide range of degradations frequently found…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-03 Stanislav Kirdey

The development of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns about potential misuse. One practical solution is to embed a watermark in the text, allowing ownership verification through watermark extraction. Existing methods primarily…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yuhang Cai , Yaofei Wang , Donghui Hu , Chen Gu

With the rapid rise of large models, copyright protection for generated image content has become a critical security challenge. Although deep learning watermarking techniques offer an effective solution for digital image copyright…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Shaowu Wu , Liting Zeng , Wei Lu , Xiangyang Luo

Watermarking is an effective way to trace model-generated content. Current watermark methods cannot resist forgery attacks, such as a deceptive claim that the model-generated content is a response to a fabricated prompt. None of them can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Minhao Bai

Watermarking (WM) is a critical mechanism for detecting and attributing AI-generated content. Current WM methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly tailored for autoregressive (AR) models: They rely on tokens being generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ofek Raban , Ethan Fetaya , Gal Chechik

AI-generated speech is becoming increasingly used in everyday life, powering virtual assistants, accessibility tools, and other applications. However, it is also being exploited for malicious purposes such as impersonation, misinformation,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Viola Negroni , Davide Salvi , Alessandro Ilic Mezza , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

Audio watermarking has played an important role in multimedia security. In many applications using audio watermarking, D/A and A/D conversions (denoted by DA/AD in this paper) are often involved. In previous works, however, the robustness…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-07-04 Shijun Xiang , Jiwu Huang

This paper presents a novel approach to deter unauthorized deepfakes and enable user tracking in generative models, even when the user has full access to the model parameters, by integrating key-based model authentication with watermarking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Mayank Kumar Singh , Naoya Takahashi , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Yuki Mitsufuji

Rapid advancements in video diffusion models have enabled the creation of realistic videos, raising concerns about unauthorized use and driving the demand for techniques to protect model ownership. Existing watermarking methods, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 MinHyuk Jang , Youngdong Jang , JaeHyeok Lee , Feng Yang , Gyeongrok Oh , Jongheon Jeong , Sangpil Kim