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Related papers: Testing Imprecise Hypotheses

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We examine the extent to which sublinear-sample property testing and estimation apply to settings where samples are independently but not identically distributed. Specifically, we consider the following distributional property testing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Shivam Garg , Chirag Pabbaraju , Kirankumar Shiragur , Gregory Valiant

Instead of testing solely a precise hypothesis, it is often useful to enlarge it with alternatives that are deemed to differ from it negligibly. For instance, in a bioequivalence study one might consider the hypothesis that the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-12 Rodrigo F. L. Lassance , Rafael Izbicki , Rafael B. Stern

The issue of model selection in applied research is of vital importance. Since the true model in such research is not known, which model should be used from among various potential ones is an empirical question. There might exist several…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-05-24 R. Scott Hacker , Abdulnasser Hatemi-J

Empirical research typically involves a robustness-efficiency tradeoff. A researcher seeking to estimate a scalar parameter can invoke strong assumptions to motivate a restricted estimator that is precise but may be heavily biased, or they…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-17 Timothy B. Armstrong , Patrick Kline , Liyang Sun

There exist a number of tests for assessing the nonparametric heteroscedastic location-scale assumption. Here we consider a goodness-of-fit test for the more general hypothesis of the validity of this model under a parametric functional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Marie Hušková , Simos G. Meintanis , Charl Pretorius

We propose a framework for analyzing the sensitivity of counterfactuals to parametric assumptions about the distribution of latent variables in structural models. In particular, we derive bounds on counterfactuals as the distribution of…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-03-26 Timothy Christensen , Benjamin Connault

We consider a nonlinear polynomial regression model in which we wish to test the null hypothesis of structural stability in the regression parameters against the alternative of a break at an unknown time. We derive the extreme value…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-10-23 Alexander Aue , Lajos Horváth , Marie Hušková , Piotr Kokoszka

The question of testing for equality in distribution between two linear models, each consisting of sums of distinct discrete independent random variables with unequal numbers of observations, has emerged from the biological research. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-01 Giulio Prevedello , Ken R. Duffy

Model misspecification can create significant challenges for the implementation of probabilistic models, and this has led to development of a range of robust methods which directly account for this issue. However, whether these more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-22 Oscar Key , Arthur Gretton , François-Xavier Briol , Tamara Fernandez

Many flexible families of positive random variables exhibit non-closed forms of the density and distribution functions and this feature is considered unappealing for modelling purposes. However, such families are often characterized by a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-09 Lucio Barabesi , Antonio Di Noia , Marzia Marcheselli , Caterina Pisani , Luca Pratelli

Threshold tests have recently been proposed as a useful method for detecting bias in lending, hiring, and policing decisions. For example, in the case of credit extensions, these tests aim to estimate the bar for granting loans to white and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-13 Emma Pierson , Sam Corbett-Davies , Sharad Goel

We study a class of hypothesis testing problems in which, upon observing the realization of an $n$-dimensional Gaussian vector, one has to decide whether the vector was drawn from a standard normal distribution or, alternatively, whether…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-22 Louigi Addario-Berry , Nicolas Broutin , Luc Devroye , Gábor Lugosi

This paper introduces chi-square goodness-of-fit tests to check for conditional distribution model specification. The data is cross-classified according to the Rosenblatt transform of the dependent variable and the explanatory variables,…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-09-25 Miguel A. Delgado , Julius Vainora

In confirmatory clinical trials with small sample sizes, hypothesis tests based on asymptotic distributions are often not valid and exact non-parametric procedures are applied instead. However, the latter are based on discrete test…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-22 Robin Ristl , Dong Xi , Ekkehard Glimm , Martin Posch

Nonparametric two sample testing deals with the question of consistently deciding if two distributions are different, given samples from both, without making any parametric assumptions about the form of the distributions. The current…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Aaditya Ramdas , Sashank J. Reddi , Barnabas Poczos , Aarti Singh , Larry Wasserman

We study the problem of mismatched binary hypothesis testing between i.i.d. distributions. We analyze the tradeoff between the pairwise error probability exponents when the actual distributions generating the observation are different from…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Parham Boroumand , Albert Guillén i Fàbregas

In this article, we consider the problem of simultaneous testing of hypotheses when the individual test statistics are not necessarily independent. Specifically, we consider the problem of simultaneous testing of point null hypotheses…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-17 Prasenjit Ghosh , Arijit Chakrabarti

This paper introduces a statistical test inferring whether a variable allows separating two classes by means of a single critical value. Its test statistic is the prediction error of a nonparametric threshold classifier. While this approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-17 Fabian Schroeder

We discuss a goodness-of-fit method which tests the compatibility between statistically independent data sets. The method gives sensible results even in cases where the chi^2-minima of the individual data sets are very low or when several…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Maltoni , T. Schwetz

The problem tackled in this paper is the determination of sample size for a given level and power in the context of a simple linear regression model. At a technical level, the simple linear regression model is a five-parameter model. It is…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-25 Tianyuan Guan , M. Khorshed Alam , M. Bhaskara Rao