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The gamma-ray burst (GRB) rate is essential for revealing the connection between GRBs, supernovae and stellar evolution. Additionally, the GRB rate at high redshift provides a strong probe of star formation history in the early universe.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-25 Amy Lien , Takanori Sakamoto , Neil Gehrels , David M. Palmer , Scott D. Barthelmy , Carlo Graziani , John K. Cannizzo

Gamma ray burst (GRBs) can be used to constrain cosmological parameters from medium up to very high redshift. These powerful systems could be the further reliable distance indicators after SNeIa supernovae. We consider GRBs samples to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-07-02 S. Capozziello , L. Consiglio , M. De Laurentis , G. De Rosa , C. Perna , D. Vivolo

We study the luminosity function and formation rate of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by using a maximum likelihood method. This is the first time this method is applied to a well-defined sample of GRBs that is complete in redshift. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-31 Guang-Xuan Lan , Hou-Dun Zeng , Jun-Jie Wei , Xue-Feng Wu

For gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with a plateau phase in the X-ray afterglow, a so called $L-T-E$ correlation has been found which tightly connects the isotropic energy of the prompt GRB ($E_{\gamma,\rm{iso}}$) with the end time of the X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-26 Fan Xu , Chen-Han Tang , Jin-Jun Geng , Fa-Yin Wang , Yu-Yang Wang , Abudushataer Kuerban , Yong-Feng Huang

It has been recently empirically established that some of the directly observed pa- rameters of GRBs are correlated with their important intrinsic parameters, like the luminosity or the total radiated energy. These correlations were…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Marek Demianski , Ester Piedipalumbo , Claudio Rubano

On the assumption that quasars (QSO) and gamma-ray bursts (GRB) represent \textit{standardisable candles}, we provide evidence that the Hubble constant $H_0$ adopts larger values in hemispheres aligned with the CMB dipole direction. If…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Orlando Luongo , Marco Muccino , Eoin Ó Colgáin , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari , Lu Yin

In this paper, we calibrate the Amati relation (the $E_{\rm p}$-${E}_{\rm iso}$ correlation) of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in a cosmology-independent way. By using Gaussian process to reconstruct the smoothed luminosity distance from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-16 Nan Liang , Zihao Li , Xiaoyao Xie , Puxun Wu

We combine recent long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) sample including 52 objects out to z$=$6.3 compiled from Swift Gamma Ray Bursts by Schaefer (2006) with Type Ia Supernova (SNIa), Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Baryon Oscillation (BAO)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Meng Su , Hong Li , Zuhui Fan , Bo Liu

Probing the evolution of the universe at high redshifts with standard candles is a powerful way to discriminate dark energy models, where an open question nowadays is whether this component is constant or evolves with time. One possible…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-01 R. F. L. Holanda , V. C. Busti

If a small fraction of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are associated with Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), as recently suggested by Zhang, the combination of redshift measurements of GRBs and dispersion measure (DM) measurements of FRBs opens a new…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-03-05 Wei Deng , Bing Zhang

The Hubble diagram (HD) is a plot that contains luminous distance modulus presented with respect to the redshift. The distance modulus--redshift relation of the most well-known ``standard candles'', the type Ia supernovae (SN), is a crucial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-07 Nikita Lovyagin , Rustam Gainutdinov , Stanislav Shirokov , Vladimir Gorokhov

I have used a sample of long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) common to both \emph{Swift} and \emph{Fermi} to re-derive the parameters of the Yonetoku correlation. This allowed me to self-consistently estimate pseudo redshifts of all the bursts with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-11-29 Debdutta Paul

A recent study of the rotation of the plane of polarization of light from 160 cosmological sources claims to find significant evidence for cosmological anisotropy. We point out methodological weaknesses of that study, and reanalyze the same…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-30 Thomas J. Loredo , Eanna E. Flanagan , Ira M. Wasserman

At the dawn of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow era, a Cepheid-like correlation was discovered between time variability V and isotropic-equivalent peak luminosity Liso of the prompt emission of about a dozen long GRBs with measured…

We here propose a new model-independent technique to overcome the circularity problem affecting the use of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) as distance indicators through the use of $E_{\rm p}$--$E_{\rm iso}$ correlation. We calibrate the $E_{\rm…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-27 Lorenzo Amati , Rocco D'Agostino , Orlando Luongo , Marco Muccino , Maria Tantalo

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) serve as important cosmological probes, whose X-ray afterglow light curves (LCs) may exhibit a plateau phase (with temporal slope $\alpha$ between 0 and 0.5) that may originate from magnetar energy injection. Similar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-21 Yu-Qi Zhou , Shuang-Xi Yi , Yu-Peng Yang , Jia-Lun Li , Jian-Ping Hu , Yan-Kun Qu , Fa-Yin Wang

The cosmic evolution of gamma-ray burst (GRB) luminosity is essential for revealing the GRB physics and for using GRBs as cosmological probes. We investigate the luminosity evolution of long GRBs with a large sample of 258 {\em Swift}/BAT…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-06 Can-Min Deng , Xiang-Gao Wang , Bei-Bei Guo , Rui-Jing Lu , Yuan-Zhu Wang , Jun-Jie Wei , Xue-Feng Wu , En-Wei Liang

We introduce a new method designed for Bayesian inference of the angular power spectrum of the Gravitational Wave Background (GWB) anisotropy. This scheme works with time-series data and can optionally incorporate the cross-correlations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-19 Chi Tian , Ran Ding , Xiao-Xiao Kou

[Abridged] Very recently, relations between the peak energy of Gamma-Ray Burst burst spectra, the isotropic-equivalent energy of the burst, and the radiated energy of the burst have been found. In a way that is exactly analogous to the way…

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are interesting objects for testing the emission models in highly energetic regimes and are very promising standardizable candles, given their observability at high redshift (up to $z=9.4$) that allows the extension…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-28 Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Biagio De Simone