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Trained on a vast amount of data, Large Language models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented success and generalization in modeling fairly complex textual inputs in the abstract space, making them powerful tools for zero-shot learning. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Shervin Ardeshir

The substantial investment required to develop Large Language Models (LLMs) makes them valuable intellectual property, raising significant concerns about copyright protection. LLM fingerprinting has emerged as a key technique to address…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Shuo Shao , Yiming Li , Hongwei Yao , Yifei Chen , Yuchen Yang , Zhan Qin

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various open-vocabulary tasks, yet their zero-shot performance lags behind task-specific fine-tuned models, particularly in complex tasks like Referring Expression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Amaia Cardiel , Eloi Zablocki , Elias Ramzi , Oriane Siméoni , Matthieu Cord

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed how people interact with artificial intelligence (AI) systems, achieving state-of-the-art results in various tasks, including scientific discovery and hypothesis generation. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Sikun Guo , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Guangzhi Xiong , Albert Huang , Eric Xie , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang

Extensive efforts have been made before the public release of Large language models (LLMs) to align their behaviors with human values. However, even meticulously aligned LLMs remain vulnerable to malicious manipulations such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Zeguan Xiao , Yan Yang , Guanhua Chen , Yun Chen

The growing use of large language models in sensitive domains has exposed a critical weakness: the inability to ensure that private information can be permanently forgotten. Yet these systems still lack reliable mechanisms to guarantee that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 James Jin Kang , Dang Bui , Thanh Pham , Huo-Chong Ling

The surge of digital documents in various formats, including less standardized documents such as business reports and environmental assessments, underscores the growing importance of Document Understanding. While Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Marcel Lamott , Muhammad Armaghan Shakir

The democratization of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) allows users to fine-tune and deploy models on local infrastructure but exposes them to a First Mile deployment landscape. Unlike black-box API consumption, the reliability of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guangba Yu , Zirui Wang , Yujie Huang , Renyi Zhong , Yuedong Zhong , Yilun Wang , Michael R. Lyu

Although large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements, their security remains a pressing concern. One major threat is jailbreak attacks, where adversarial prompts bypass model safeguards to generate harmful or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Tiehan Cui , Yanxu Mao , Peipei Liu , Congying Liu , Datao You

Despite the great advancement of Language modeling in recent days, Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT3 are notorious for generating non-factual responses, so-called "hallucination" problems. Existing methods for detecting and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Seongho Joo , Kyungmin Min , Jahyun Koo , Kyomin Jung

Large Language Model (LLM) is changing the software development paradigm and has gained huge attention from both academia and industry. Researchers and developers collaboratively explore how to leverage the powerful problem-solving ability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Qiang Hu , Xiaofei Xie , Sen Chen , Lei Ma

Interpretable machine learning (IML) becomes increasingly important in highly regulated industry sectors related to the health and safety or fundamental rights of human beings. In general, the inherently IML models should be adopted because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Agus Sudjianto , Aijun Zhang

Black-box finetuning is an emerging interface for adapting state-of-the-art language models to user needs. However, such access may also let malicious actors undermine model safety. To demonstrate the challenge of defending finetuning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Danny Halawi , Alexander Wei , Eric Wallace , Tony T. Wang , Nika Haghtalab , Jacob Steinhardt

Topic modeling aims to produce interpretable topic representations and topic--document correspondences from corpora, but classical neural topic models (NTMs) remain constrained by limited representation assumptions and semantic abstraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xuan Xu , Zhongliang Yang , Haolun Li , Beilin Chu , Rui Tian , Yu Li , Shaolin Tan , Linna Zhou

Large language models are increasingly being integrated into applications that shape the production and discovery of societal knowledge such as search, online education, and travel planning. As a result, language models will shape how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Rida Qadri , Aida M. Davani , Kevin Robinson , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran

Recent advances confirm that large language models (LLMs) can achieve state-of-the-art performance across various tasks. However, due to the resource-intensive nature of training LLMs from scratch, it is urgent and crucial to protect the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhiguang Yang , Hanzhou Wu

We formalize the problem of prompt compression for large language models (LLMs) and present a framework to unify token-level prompt compression methods which create hard prompts for black-box models. We derive the distortion-rate function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Alliot Nagle , Adway Girish , Marco Bondaschi , Michael Gastpar , Ashok Vardhan Makkuva , Hyeji Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into daily routines, yet they raise significant privacy and safety concerns. Recent research proposes collaborative inference, which outsources the early-layer inference to ensure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Tian Dong , Yan Meng , Shaofeng Li , Guoxing Chen , Zhen Liu , Haojin Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) represent a major advance in artificial intelligence (AI) research. However, the widespread use of LLMs is also coupled with significant ethical and social challenges. Previous research has pointed towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Jakob Mökander , Jonas Schuett , Hannah Rose Kirk , Luciano Floridi

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) represents a fundamental shock to the economics of information production. By asymmetrically collapsing the marginal cost of generating low-quality, synthetic content while leaving high-quality…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yukun Zhang , Tianyang Zhang