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We aim at developing and improving the imbalanced business risk modeling via jointly using proper evaluation criteria, resampling, cross-validation, classifier regularization, and ensembling techniques. Area Under the Receiver Operating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-14 Yan Wang , Xuelei Sherry Ni

Imbalanced datasets are ubiquitous. Classification performance on imbalanced datasets is generally poor for the minority class as the classifier cannot learn decision boundaries well. However, in sensitive applications like fraud detection,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Vishwa Karia , Wenhao Zhang , Arash Naeim , Ramin Ramezani

Despite extensive research spanning several decades, class imbalance is still considered a profound difficulty for both machine learning and deep learning models. While data oversampling is the foremost technique to address this issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Sukumar Kishanthan , Asela Hevapathige

This study examines the impact of class-imbalanced data on deep learning models and proposes a technique for data balancing by generating synthetic data for the minority class. Unlike random-based oversampling, our method prioritizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Hung Nguyen , Morris Chang

Imbalanced datasets in medical imaging are characterized by skewed class proportions and scarcity of abnormal cases. When trained using such data, models tend to assign higher probabilities to normal cases, leading to biased performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yumnah Hasan , Fatemeh Amerehi , Patrick Healy , Conor Ryan

Class imbalance remains a practical obstacle in the development of clinical prediction models for conditions such as diabetes mellitus, where the number of confirmed cases is often much smaller than the number of controls. The Synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Agnideep Aich , Md Monzur Murshed , Bruce Wade , Sameera Hewage

Imbalanced data, where the positive samples represent only a small proportion compared to the negative samples, makes it challenging for classification problems to balance the false positive and false negative rates. A common approach to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Pengfei Lyu , Zhengchi Ma , Linjun Zhang , Anru R. Zhang

Severe class imbalance is one of the main conditions that make machine learning in cybersecurity difficult. A variety of dataset preprocessing methods have been introduced over the years. These methods modify the training dataset by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Radovan Haluška , Jan Brabec , Tomáš Komárek

Class imbalance poses a significant challenge in classification tasks, where traditional approaches often lead to biased models and unreliable predictions. Undersampling and oversampling techniques have been commonly employed to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Matt Clifford , Jonathan Erskine , Alexander Hepburn , Raúl Santos-Rodríguez , Dario Garcia-Garcia

Imbalanced datasets are a fundamental issue in industrial condition monitoring and fault classification pipelines, causing classical machine learning models to overfit the majority classes while failing to learn the minority fault patterns.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Amit S. Patel , Himanshukumar R. Patel , Bikash K. Behera

Class imbalance in machine learning poses a significant challenge, as skewed datasets often hinder performance on minority classes. Traditional oversampling techniques, which are commonly used to alleviate class imbalance, have several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Sukumar Kishanthan , Asela Hevapathige

Imbalanced classification is a well-known challenge faced by many real-world applications. This issue occurs when the distribution of the target variable is skewed, leading to a prediction bias toward the majority class. With the arrival of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Carla Vairetti , José Luis Assadi , Sebastián Maldonado

The dramatic increase of autonomous systems subject to variable environments has given rise to the pressing need to consider risk in both the synthesis and verification of policies for these systems. This paper aims to address a few…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Prithvi Akella , Anushri Dixit , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Joel W. Burdick , Aaron D. Ames

Learning classifiers from imbalanced and concept drifting data streams is still a challenge. Most of the current proposals focus on taking into account changes in the global imbalance ratio only and ignore the local difficulty factors, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Bartosz Przybyl , Jerzy Stefanowski

Unbalanced tabular data sets present significant challenges for predictive modeling and data analysis across a wide range of applications. In many real-world scenarios, such as fraud detection, medical diagnosis, and rare event prediction,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Ivona Krchova , Michael Platzer , Paul Tiwald

Imbalanced regression refers to prediction tasks where the target variable is skewed. This skewness hinders machine learning models, especially neural networks, which concentrate on dense regions and therefore perform poorly on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Shayan Alahyari , Mike Domaratzki

Financial distress prediction remains a significant challenge in enterprise risk analysis due to the highly imbalanced nature of real-world financial datasets, where bankrupt or distressed firms typically constitute only a small minority of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Karan Sehgal , Khawar Naveed Bhatti

Despite the enormous amount of data, particular events of interest can still be quite rare. Classification of rare events is a common problem in many domains, such as fraudulent transactions, malware traffic analysis and network intrusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Ivan Letteri , Antonio Di Cecco , Abeer Dyoub , Giuseppe Della Penna

In many application domains such as medicine, information retrieval, cybersecurity, social media, etc., datasets used for inducing classification models often have an unequal distribution of the instances of each class. This situation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Mohamed S. Kraiem , Fernando Sánchez-Hernández , María N. Moreno-García

There are many real-world classification problems wherein the issue of data imbalance (the case when a data set contains substantially more samples for one/many classes than the rest) is unavoidable. While under-sampling the problematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-09 John McKay , Isaac Gerg , Vishal Monga