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A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Download PDF Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu Published: 20 Aug 2025, Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Neal Gregory Lawton , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a critical technique for enhancing large language model (LLM) capabilities. However, practitioners face significant challenges when making RAG deployment decisions. While existing research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Shengming Zhao , Yuchen Shao , Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Zhijie Wang , Chengcheng Wan , Lei Ma

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) quality depends on many interacting choices across retrieval, ranking, augmentation, prompting, and generation, so optimizing modules in isolation is brittle. We introduce RAGSmith, a modular framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Muhammed Yusuf Kartal , Suha Kagan Kose , Korhan Sevinç , Burak Aktas

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technology has been widely applied in recent years. However, despite the emergence of various RAG frameworks, a single RAG framework still cannot adapt well to a broad range of downstream tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yifei Chen , Guanting Dong , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

Performance evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems within enterprise environments is governed by multi-dimensional and composite factors extending far beyond simple final accuracy checks. These factors include reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Kenichirou Narita , Siqi Peng , Taku Fukui , Moyuru Yamada , Satoshi Munakata , Satoru Takahashi

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a standard framework for knowledge-intensive NLP tasks, combining large language models (LLMs) with document retrieval from external corpora. Despite its widespread use, most RAG pipelines…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mandeep Rathee , V Venktesh , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is increasingly being used when building Generative AI applications. Evaluating these applications and RAG pipelines is mostly done manually, via a trial and error process. Automating evaluation of RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Shangeetha Sivasothy , Scott Barnett , Stefanus Kurniawan , Zafaryab Rasool , Rajesh Vasa

Today, two major trends are shaping the evolution of ML systems. First, modern AI systems are becoming increasingly complex, often integrating components beyond the model itself. A notable example is Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG),…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Wenqi Jiang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines must address challenges beyond simple single-document retrieval, such as interpreting visual elements (tables, charts, images), synthesizing information across documents, and providing accurate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 António Loison , Quentin Macé , Antoine Edy , Victor Xing , Tom Balough , Gabriel Moreira , Bo Liu , Manuel Faysse , Céline Hudelot , Gautier Viaud

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has established itself as the standard paradigm for grounding Large Language Models (LLMs) in domain-specific, up-to-date data. However, the prevailing architecture for RAG has evolved into a complex,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Ahmed Bin Khalid

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems are gaining traction in enterprise settings, yet stringent data protection regulations prevent many organizations from using cloud-based services, necessitating on-premises deployments. While…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Nicolas Weeger , Jakob Winkler , Annika Stiehl , Jóakim von Kistowski , Christian Uhl , Stefan Geißelsöder

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to access broader knowledge sources, yet factual inconsistencies persist due to noise in retrieved documents-even with advanced retrieval methods. We demonstrate that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yongjian Li , HaoCheng Chu , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Shi Yu , Zheni Zeng , Ruobing Wang , Sen Song , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

The emergence of Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has alleviated the issues of outdated and hallucinatory content in the generation of large language models (LLMs), yet it still reveals numerous limitations. When a general-purpose LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Jiayi Wu , Hengyi Cai , Lingyong Yan , Hao Sun , Xiang Li , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Ming Gao

Industrial standards and normative documents exhibit intricate hierarchical structures, domain-specific lexicons, and extensive cross-referential dependencies, which making it challenging to process them directly by Large Language Models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Aiman Al Masoud , Marco Arazzi , Simone Germani , Antonino Nocera

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) can enhance the generation quality of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external token databases. However, retrievals from large databases can constitute a substantial portion of the overall…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Wenqi Jiang , Shuai Zhang , Boran Han , Jie Wang , Bernie Wang , Tim Kraska

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted paradigm for enhancing the reliability of large language models (LLMs). However, RAG systems are sensitive to retrieval strategies that rely on text chunking to construct…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sun Xu , Tongkai Xu , Baiheng Xie , Li Huang , Qiang Gao , Kunpeng Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) represents a major advancement in natural language processing (NLP), combining large language models (LLMs) with information retrieval systems to enhance factual grounding, accuracy, and contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Agada Joseph Oche , Ademola Glory Folashade , Tirthankar Ghosal , Arpan Biswas

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising technique for mitigating two key limitations of large language models (LLMs): outdated information and hallucinations. RAG system stores documents as embedding vectors in a database. Given…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Taehee Jeong , Xingzhe Zhao , Peizu Li , Markus Valvur , Weihua Zhao

Recent advances in graph learning have paved the way for innovative retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems that leverage the inherent relational structures in graph data. However, many existing approaches suffer from rigid, fixed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Yuan Li , Jun Hu , Jiaxin Jiang , Zemin Liu , Bryan Hooi , Bingsheng He