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As large language models (LLMs) evolve into sophisticated autonomous agents capable of complex software development tasks, evaluating their real-world capabilities becomes critical. While existing benchmarks like…

With the development and widespread application of large language models (LLMs), the new paradigm of "Model as Product" is rapidly evolving, and demands higher capabilities to address complex user needs, often requiring precise workflow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Tao Zou , Xinghua Zhang , Haiyang Yu , Minzheng Wang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Despite impressive advances in large language models (LLMs), existing benchmarks often focus on single-turn or single-step tasks, failing to capture the kind of iterative reasoning required in real-world settings. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yiran Zhang , Mo Wang , Xiaoyang Li , Kaixuan Ren , Chencheng Zhu , Usman Naseem

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various applications, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive safety evaluations. In particular, the enhanced Chinese language proficiency of LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Shuyi Liu , Simiao Cui , Haoran Bu , Yuming Shang , Xi Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are helping millions of users write texts about diverse issues, and in doing so expose users to different ideas and perspectives. This creates concerns about issue bias, where an LLM tends to present just one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Paul Röttger , Musashi Hinck , Valentin Hofmann , Kobi Hackenburg , Valentina Pyatkin , Faeze Brahman , Dirk Hovy

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in assisting scientific research, yet their ability to discover high-quality research hypotheses remains unexamined due to the lack of a dedicated benchmark. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yujie Liu , Zonglin Yang , Tong Xie , Jinjie Ni , Ben Gao , Yuqiang Li , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Erik Cambria , Dongzhan Zhou

We introduce MLRC-Bench, a benchmark designed to quantify how effectively language agents can tackle challenging Machine Learning (ML) Research Competitions, with a focus on open research problems that demand novel methodologies. Unlike…

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Anjiang Wei , Jiannan Cao , Ran Li , Hongyu Chen , Yuhui Zhang , Ziheng Wang , Yuan Liu , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Diyi Yang , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in vision-language tasks, but their reliance on vast, internet-sourced data raises significant privacy and security concerns. Machine unlearning (MU) has emerged as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Zhaopan Xu , Pengfei Zhou , Weidong Tang , Jiaxin Ai , Wangbo Zhao , Kai Wang , Xiaojiang Peng , Wenqi Shao , Hongxun Yao , Kaipeng Zhang

Automated red teaming holds substantial promise for uncovering and mitigating the risks associated with the malicious use of large language models (LLMs), yet the field lacks a standardized evaluation framework to rigorously assess new…

As multimodal large language models (MLLMs) advance, MLLM-based virtual agents have demonstrated remarkable performance. However, existing benchmarks face significant limitations, including uncontrollable task complexity, extensive manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wendong Bu , Yang Wu , Qifan Yu , Minghe Gao , Bingchen Miao , Zhenkui Zhang , Kaihang Pan , Yunfei Li , Mengze Li , Wei Ji , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Existing benchmarks for LLM coding agents primarily evaluate final outcomes. While useful for measuring overall capability, these metrics provide limited visibility and often miss defects that arise during execution. We present…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiawei He , Jie Jia , Chenbo Liu , Chaoyi Xue , Yapeng Song , Xikai Yang , Dong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to automate programming tasks. Yet, LLMs' capabilities in reasoning about program semantics are still inadequately studied, leaving significant potential for further exploration. This…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Thanh Le-Cong , Bach Le , Toby Murray

We propose that benchmarking LLMs on questions which have no reasonable answer actually isn't as silly as it sounds. We also present a benchmark that allows such testing and a method to modify the existing datasets, and discover that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 K. O. T. Erziev

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into legal workflows. However, existing benchmarks primarily address proxy tasks, such as bar examination performance or classification, which fail to capture the performance and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Haesung Lee , Gyubin Choi , Eun-Ju Lee , So-Min Lee , Youkang Ko , Dogyoon Lim , Sung-Kyoung Jang , Yohan Jo

Unit testing is a fundamental practice in modern software engineering, with the aim of ensuring the correctness, maintainability, and reliability of individual software components. Very recently, with the advances in Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Siqi Gu , Ye Shang , Zhenyu Chen , Liang Xiao

The use of natural language (NL) test cases for validating graphical user interface (GUI) applications is emerging as a promising direction to manually written executable test scripts, which are costly to develop and difficult to maintain.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Sébastien Salva , Redha Taguelmimt

LLM agents are increasingly deployed as executable systems that use tools, modify workspaces, and produce concrete artifacts. In such workflows, performance depends not only on the base model, but also on the harness: the system layer that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yilun Yao , Xinyu Tan , Chao-Hsuan Liu , Yaoming Li , Zhengyang Wang , Wenhan Yu , Zhewen Tan , Yuxuan Tian , Guangxiang Zhao , Lin Sun , Xiangzheng Zhang , Tong Yang

Equipped with the capability to call functions, modern large language models (LLMs) can leverage external tools for addressing a range of tasks unattainable through language skills alone. However, the effective execution of these tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Wenxuan Wang , Juluan Shi , Zixuan Ling , Yuk-Kit Chan , Chaozheng Wang , Cheryl Lee , Youliang Yuan , Jen-tse Huang , Wenxiang Jiao , Michael R. Lyu

Large Language Model (LLM) agents, which integrate planning, memory, reflection, and tool-use modules, have shown promise in solving complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their sophisticated architectures amplify vulnerability to cascading…