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Despite the ubiquity of large language models (LLMs) in AI research, the question of embodiment in LLMs remains underexplored, distinguishing them from embodied systems in robotics where sensory perception directly informs physical action.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Philipp Wicke , Lennart Wachowiak

Spatiotemporal reasoning plays a key role in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Despite advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), their capacity to reason about complex spatiotemporal signals remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Pengrui Quan , Brian Wang , Kang Yang , Liying Han , Mani Srivastava

Spatial relation reasoning is a crucial task for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to understand the objective world. However, current benchmarks have issues like relying on bounding boxes, ignoring perspective substitutions, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Jingping Liu , Ziyan Liu , Zhedong Cen , Yan Zhou , Yinan Zou , Weiyan Zhang , Haiyun Jiang , Tong Ruan

This paper investigates the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in formulating and solving decision-making problems using mathematical programming. We first conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mohammad J. Abdel-Rahman , Yasmeen Alslman , Dania Refai , Amro Saleh , Malik A. Abu Loha , Mohammad Yahya Hamed

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning abilities through test-time computation (TTC) techniques such as chain-of-thought prompting and tree-based reasoning. However, we argue that current reasoning LLMs (RLLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiahao Lu , Ziwei Xu , Mohan Kankanhalli

This is the first work to look at the application of large language models (LLMs) for the purpose of model space edits in automated planning tasks. To set the stage for this union, we explore two different flavors of model space problems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Turgay Caglar , Sirine Belhaj , Tathagata Chakraborti , Michael Katz , Sarath Sreedharan

Large language models (LLMs) are deployed on increasingly complex tasks that require multi-step decision-making. Understanding their algorithmic reasoning abilities is therefore crucial. However, we lack a diagnostic benchmark for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yu He , Yingxi Li , Colin White , Ellen Vitercik

Despite widespread success in language understanding and generation, large language models (LLMs) exhibit unclear and often inconsistent behavior when faced with tasks that require probabilistic reasoning. In this work, we present the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Mobina Pournemat , Keivan Rezaei , Gaurang Sriramanan , Arman Zarei , Jiaxiang Fu , Yang Wang , Hamid Eghbalzadeh , Soheil Feizi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have undergone rapid progress, largely attributed to reinforcement learning on complex reasoning tasks. In contrast, while spatial intelligence is fundamental for Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zijian Song , Xiaoxin Lin , Qiuming Huang , Sihan Qin , Guangrun Wang , Liang Lin

This paper investigates Large Language Models (LLMs) ability to assess the economic soundness and theoretical consistency of empirical findings in spatial econometrics. We created original and deliberately altered "counterfactual" summaries…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Giuseppe Arbia , Luca Morandini , Vincenzo Nardelli

The potential of large language models (LLMs) to reason like humans has been a highly contested topic in Machine Learning communities. However, the reasoning abilities of humans are multifaceted and can be seen in various forms, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Shrivats Agrawal

With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), an increasing number of student models have leveraged LLMs to analyze textual artifacts generated by students to understand and evaluate their learning. These student models typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Jiayi Zhang

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance on a variety of tasks; however, generalizing from synthetic to human-authored instructions in grounded environments remains a challenge for them. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Chalamalasetti Kranti , Sherzod Hakimov , David Schlangen

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) for real-world applications hinges critically on enhancing their reasoning capabilities. In this work, we explore the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) through their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Romain Cosentino , Sarath Shekkizhar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly described as possessing strong reasoning capabilities, supported by high performance on mathematical, logical, and planning benchmarks. However, most existing evaluations rely on aggregate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Md. Fahad Ullah Utsho , Mohd. Ruhul Ameen , Akif Islam , Md. Golam Rashed , Dipankar Das

Geometric spatial reasoning forms the foundation of many applications in artificial intelligence, yet the ability of large language models (LLMs) to operate over geometric spatial information expressed in procedural code remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shixian Luo , Zezhou Zhu , Yu Yuan , Yuncheng Yang , Lianlei Shan , Yong Wu

Large vision-and-language models (VLMs) trained to match images with text on large-scale datasets of image-text pairs have shown impressive generalization ability on several vision and language tasks. Several recent works, however, showed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Navid Rajabi , Jana Kosecka

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in mathematical reasoning. However, despite these achievements, current evaluations are mostly limited to specific mathematical topics, and it remains unclear whether LLMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Arash Gholami Davoodi , Seyed Pouyan Mousavi Davoudi , Pouya Pezeshkpour

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in general-purpose machine translation, but their effectiveness in complex, domain-sensitive translation tasks remains underexplored. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongshi Ye , Biao Fu , Chongxuan Huang , Yidong Chen , Xiaodong Shi

Despite the impressive performance of Large Language Models (LLM) for various natural language processing tasks, little is known about their comprehension of geographic data and related ability to facilitate informed geospatial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Prabin Bhandari , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Dieter Pfoser