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The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has given rise to a new category of autonomous AI systems, referred to as Deep Research (DR) agents. These agents are designed to tackle complex, multi-turn informational research tasks by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Yuxuan Huang , Yihang Chen , Haozheng Zhang , Kang Li , Huichi Zhou , Meng Fang , Linyi Yang , Xiaoguang Li , Lifeng Shang , Songcen Xu , Jianye Hao , Kun Shao , Jun Wang

Efficient multi-hop reasoning requires Large Language Models (LLMs) based agents to acquire high-value external knowledge iteratively. Previous work has explored reinforcement learning (RL) to train LLMs to perform search-based document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ziliang Wang , Xuhui Zheng , Kang An , Cijun Ouyang , Jialu Cai , Yuhang Wang , Yichao Wu

Autonomous agents have recently achieved remarkable progress across diverse domains, yet most evaluations focus on short-horizon, fully observable tasks. In contrast, many critical real-world tasks, such as large-scale software development,…

Deep research -- producing comprehensive, citation-grounded reports by searching and synthesizing information from hundreds of live web sources -- marks an important frontier for agentic systems. To rigorously evaluate this ability, four…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Riya Dulepet , Qinglin Chen , Austin Xu , Zixuan Ke , Frederic Sala , Aws Albarghouthi , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

We aim to develop a multimodal research agent capable of explicit reasoning and planning, multi-tool invocation, and cross-modal information synthesis, enabling it to conduct deep research tasks. However, we observe three main challenges in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Huanjin Yao , Qixiang Yin , Min Yang , Ziwang Zhao , Yibo Wang , Haotian Luo , Jingyi Zhang , Jiaxing Huang

AI agents have seen widespread adoption in information retrieval for scientific research, giving rise to tools such as Deep Research. However, existing retrieval agents mainly rely on keyword- or embedding-based methods. While effective at…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Chenyang Shao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Deep-Research agents, which integrate large language models (LLMs) with search tools, have shown success in improving the effectiveness of handling complex queries that require iterative search planning and reasoning over search results.…

Data analysis has become an indispensable part of scientific research. To discover the latent knowledge and insights hidden within massive datasets, we need to perform deep exploratory analysis to realize their full value. With the advent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhenghao Zhu , Yuanfeng Song , Xin Chen , Chengzhong Liu , Yakun Cui , Caleb Chen Cao , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

Developing a universal model that can efficiently and effectively respond to a wide range of information access requests -- from retrieval to recommendation to question answering -- has been a long-lasting goal in the information retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Hansi Zeng , Surya Kallumadi , Zaid Alibadi , Rodrigo Nogueira , Hamed Zamani

Deep Research Systems (DRS) aim to help users search the web, synthesize information, and deliver comprehensive investigative reports. However, how to rigorously evaluate these systems remains under-explored. Existing deep-research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ruizhe Li , Mingxuan Du , Benfeng Xu , Chiwei Zhu , Xiaorui Wang , Zhendong Mao

Deep research agents increasingly interleave web browsing with multi-step computation, yet existing benchmarks evaluate these capabilities in isolation, creating a blind spot in assessing real-world performance. We introduce DRBENCHER, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Young-Suk Lee , Ramon Fernandez Astudillo , Radu Florian

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of agentic information seeking capabilities through the integration of tools such as search engines and web browsers. However, current mainstream approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dingchu Zhang , Yida Zhao , Jialong Wu , Baixuan Li , Wenbiao Yin , Liwen Zhang , Yong Jiang , Yufeng Li , Kewei Tu , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang

Deep research, in which an agent searches the open web, collects evidence, and derives an answer through extended reasoning, is a prominent use case for frontier language models. Frontier deep research products score high on existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sixiong Xie , Zhuofan Shi , Haiyang Shen , Jiuzheng Wang , Siqi Zhong , Mugeng Liu , Chongyang Pan , Peilun Jia , Baoqing Sun , Xiang Jing , Yun Ma

Search agents have achieved significant advancements in enabling intelligent information retrieval and decision-making within interactive environments. Although reinforcement learning has been employed to train agentic models capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Guanzhong He , Zhen Yang , Jinxin Liu , Bin Xu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly envisioned as decision-support tools in clinical practice, yet safe clinical reasoning demands integrating heterogeneous knowledge bases -- trials, primary studies, regulatory documents, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Shan Chen , Pedro Moreira , Yuxin Xiao , Sam Schmidgall , Jeremy Warner , Hugo Aerts , Thomas Hartvigsen , Jack Gallifant , Danielle S. Bitterman

Deep search capabilities have become an indispensable competency for frontier Large Language Model (LLM) agents, yet the development of high-performance search agents remains dominated by industrial giants due to a lack of transparent,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yuwen Du , Rui Ye , Shuo Tang , Xinyu Zhu , Yijun Lu , Yuzhu Cai , Siheng Chen

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have given rise to powerful coding agents, making it possible for code assistants to evolve into code engineers. However, existing methods still face significant challenges in achieving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Zongwei Li , Zhonghang Li , Zirui Guo , Xubin Ren , Chao Huang

Generative search engines and deep research LLM agents promise trustworthy, source-grounded synthesis, yet users regularly encounter overconfidence, weak sourcing, and confusing citation practices. We introduce DeepTRACE, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Philippe Laban , Yilun Zhou , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Yixin Mao , Chien-Sheng Wu

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly revolutionized web search. The emergence of LLM-based Search Agents marks a pivotal shift towards deeper, dynamic, autonomous information seeking. These agents can comprehend user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yunjia Xi , Jianghao Lin , Yongzhao Xiao , Zheli Zhou , Rong Shan , Te Gao , Jiachen Zhu , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Recent advances have showcased the extraordinary capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in tackling web-based information-seeking tasks. However, existing efforts mainly focus on single-fact retrieval and rely on outcome-only…