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Text-to-Image (T2I) models are being increasingly adopted in diverse global communities where they create visual representations of their unique cultures. Current T2I benchmarks primarily focus on faithfulness, aesthetics, and realism of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Nithish Kannen , Arif Ahmad , Marco Andreetto , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran , Utsav Prabhu , Adji Bousso Dieng , Pushpak Bhattacharyya , Shachi Dave

Synthetic face generation has rapidly advanced with the emergence of text-to-image (T2I) and of multimodal large language models, enabling high-fidelity image production from natural-language prompts. Despite the widespread adoption of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Mengting Wei , Aditya Gulati , Guoying Zhao , Nuria Oliver

Our research investigates the impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) models, specifically text-to-image generators (T2Is), on the representation of non-Western cultures, with a focus on Indian contexts. Despite the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Sourojit Ghosh , Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Sanjana Gautam , Shomir Wilson , Aylin Caliskan

Popular text-to-image (T2I) systems are trained on web-scraped data, which is heavily Amero and Euro-centric, underrepresenting the cultures of the Global South. To analyze these biases, we introduce CuRe, a novel and scalable benchmarking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Aniket Rege , Zinnia Nie , Mahesh Ramesh , Unmesh Raskar , Zhuoran Yu , Aditya Kusupati , Yong Jae Lee , Ramya Korlakai Vinayak

Text-To-Image (TTI) models, such as DALL-E and StableDiffusion, have demonstrated remarkable prompt-based image generation capabilities. Multilingual encoders may have a substantial impact on the cultural agency of these models, as language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Mor Ventura , Eyal Ben-David , Anna Korhonen , Roi Reichart

Recent studies have shown that Text-to-Image (T2I) model generations can reflect social stereotypes present in the real world. However, existing approaches for evaluating stereotypes have a noticeable lack of coverage of global identity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Akshita Jha , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran , Remi Denton , Sarah Laszlo , Shachi Dave , Rida Qadri , Chandan K. Reddy , Sunipa Dev

Recent progress in Text-to-Image (T2I) generative models has enabled high-quality image generation. As performance and accessibility increase, these models are gaining significant attraction and popularity: ensuring their fairness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Moreno D'Incà , Elia Peruzzo , Massimiliano Mancini , Xingqian Xu , Humphrey Shi , Nicu Sebe

Text-to-image (T2I) models today are capable of producing photorealistic, instruction-following images, yet they still frequently fail on prompts that require implicit world knowledge. Existing evaluation protocols either emphasize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Tianyang Han , Junhao Su , Junjie Hu , Peizhen Yang , Hengyu Shi , Junfeng Luo , Jialin Gao

Text-to-image (T2I) generative models are increasingly used to produce content for education, media, and public-facing communication, and are starting to be integrated into higher-impact pipelines. Since generated images tend to reinforce…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jose Luna , Yankun Wu , Xiaofei Xie , Noa Garcia

It has been shown that many generative models inherit and amplify societal biases. To date, there is no uniform/systematic agreed standard to control/adjust for these biases. This study examines the presence and manipulation of societal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Philip Wootaek Shin , Jihyun Janice Ahn , Wenpeng Yin , Jack Sampson , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan

Text-to-Image (T2I) generative models are becoming increasingly crucial due to their ability to generate high-quality images, but also raise concerns about social biases, particularly in human image generation. Sociological research has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Hanjun Luo , Haoyu Huang , Ziye Deng , Xinfeng Li , Hewei Wang , Yingbin Jin , Yang Liu , Wenyuan Xu , Zuozhu Liu

Text-to-image diffusion models have recently enabled the creation of visually compelling, detailed images from textual prompts. However, their ability to accurately represent various cultural nuances remains an open question. In our work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Zahra Bayramli , Ayhan Suleymanzade , Na Min An , Huzama Ahmad , Eunsu Kim , Junyeong Park , James Thorne , Alice Oh

Warning: This paper contains several contents that may be toxic, harmful, or offensive. In the last few years, text-to-image generative models have gained remarkable success in generating images with unprecedented quality accompanied by a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Jialu Wang , Xinyue Gabby Liu , Zonglin Di , Yang Liu , Xin Eric Wang

Text-to-image (T2I) models, and their encoded biases, increasingly shape the visual media the public encounters. While researchers have produced a rich body of work on bias measurement, auditing, and mitigation in T2I systems, those methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Bochu Ding , Brinnae Bent , Augustus Wendell

The rapid proliferation of multimodal generative models has sparked critical discussions on their reliability, fairness and potential for misuse. While text-to-image models excel at producing high-fidelity, user-guided content, they often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Leonid Sigal , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

Bias in generative Text-to-Image (T2I) models is a known issue, yet systematically analyzing such models' outputs to uncover it remains challenging. We introduce the Visual Bias Explorer (ViBEx) to interactively explore the output space of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Johannes Eschner , Roberto Labadie-Tamayo , Matthias Zeppelzauer , Manuela Waldner

Despite advances in generation quality, current text-to-image (T2I) models often lack diversity, generating homogeneous outputs. This work introduces a framework to address the need for robust diversity evaluation in T2I models. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Isabela Albuquerque , Ira Ktena , Olivia Wiles , Ivana Kajić , Amal Rannen-Triki , Cristina Vasconcelos , Aida Nematzadeh

Text-to-Image (TTI) models are powerful creative tools but risk amplifying harmful social biases. We frame representational societal bias assessment as an image curation and evaluation task and introduce a pilot benchmark of occupational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shaina Raza , Maximus Powers , Partha Pratim Saha , Mahveen Raza , Rizwan Qureshi

We investigate bias trends in text-to-image generative models over time, focusing on the increasing availability of models through open platforms like Hugging Face. While these platforms democratize AI, they also facilitate the spread of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

This paper proposes a novel interdisciplinary framework for the critical evaluation of text-to-image models, addressing the limitations of current technical metrics and bias studies. By integrating art historical analysis, artistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Amalia Foka