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Recent advancements in integrating large language models (LLMs) with tools have allowed the models to interact with real-world environments. However, these tool-augmented LLMs often encounter incomplete scenarios when users provide partial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Seungbin Yang , ChaeHun Park , Taehee Kim , Jaegul Choo

Recent Text-to-SQL methods leverage large language models (LLMs) by incorporating feedback from the database management system. While these methods effectively address execution errors in SQL queries, they struggle with database mismatches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Zhongyuan Wang , Richong Zhang , Zhijie Nie , Jaein Kim

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has substantially influenced natural language processing, demonstrating exceptional results across various tasks. In this study, we employ ``Introspective Tips" to facilitate LLMs in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Liting Chen , Lu Wang , Hang Dong , Yali Du , Jie Yan , Fangkai Yang , Shuang Li , Pu Zhao , Si Qin , Saravan Rajmohan , Qingwei Lin , Dongmei Zhang

By augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with external tools, their capacity to solve complex problems has been significantly enhanced. However, despite ongoing advancements in the parsing capabilities of LLMs, incorporating all available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Hang Gao , Yongfeng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving from text generators into reasoning agents. This transition makes their ability to use external tools a critical capability. However, evaluating this skill presents a significant challenge. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fei Lei , Yibo Yang , Wenxiu Sun , Dahua Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention due to their impressive natural language processing (NLP) capabilities. Recently, many studies have focused on the tool utilization ability of LLMs. They primarily…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Yue Huang , Jiawen Shi , Yuan Li , Chenrui Fan , Siyuan Wu , Qihui Zhang , Yixin Liu , Pan Zhou , Yao Wan , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential as agents for tool invocation due to their advanced comprehension and planning capabilities. Users increasingly rely on LLM-based agents to solve complex missions through iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

With the rapid advancement of post-training techniques for reasoning and information seeking, large language models (LLMs) can incorporate a large quantity of retrieved knowledge to solve complex tasks. However, the limited context window…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zijun Liu , Zhennan Wan , Peng Li , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Yang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) achieved remarkable performance across various tasks. However, they face challenges in managing long documents and extended conversations, due to significantly increased computational requirements, both in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Yucheng Li , Bo Dong , Chenghua Lin , Frank Guerin

Large language models (LLMs) show an innate skill for solving language based tasks. But insights have suggested an inability to adjust for information or task-solving skills becoming outdated, as their knowledge, stored directly within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jerry Huang , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Sarath Chandar

We present ControlLLM, a novel framework that enables large language models (LLMs) to utilize multi-modal tools for solving complex real-world tasks. Despite the remarkable performance of LLMs, they still struggle with tool invocation due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zhaoyang Liu , Zeqiang Lai , Zhangwei Gao , Erfei Cui , Ziheng Li , Xizhou Zhu , Lewei Lu , Qifeng Chen , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai , Wenhai Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional reasoning capabilities, enabling them to solve various complex problems. Recently, this ability has been applied to the paradigm of tool learning. Tool learning involves providing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Jiannan Cao , Yuwei Zhang , Xuhong Zhang , Sheng Cheng , Xun Wang , Jianwei Yin , Tianyu Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) equipped with external tools have demonstrated enhanced performance on complex reasoning tasks. The widespread adoption of this tool-augmented reasoning is hindered by the scarcity of domain-specific tools. For…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Murong Yue , Zhiwei Liu , Liangwei Yang , Jianguo Zhang , Zuxin Liu , Haolin Chen , Ziyu Yao , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Shelby Heinecke , Huan Wang

To address intricate real-world tasks, there has been a rising interest in tool utilization in applications of large language models (LLMs). To develop LLM-based agents, it usually requires LLMs to understand many tool functions from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Siyu Yuan , Kaitao Song , Jiangjie Chen , Xu Tan , Yongliang Shen , Ren Kan , Dongsheng Li , Deqing Yang

Background: Conducting Multi Vocal Literature Reviews (MVLRs) is often time and effort-intensive. Researchers must review and filter a large number of unstructured sources, which frequently contain sparse information and are unlikely to be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Santiago Matalonga , Domenico Amalfitano , Jean Carlo Rossa Hauck , Martín Solari , Guilherme H. Travassos

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful decision-making and planning capabilities in solving complicated real-world problems. LLM-based autonomous agents can interact with diverse tools (e.g., functional APIs) and generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yuchen Zhuang , Xiang Chen , Tong Yu , Saayan Mitra , Victor Bursztyn , Ryan A. Rossi , Somdeb Sarkhel , Chao Zhang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled autonomous agents with complex reasoning and task-fulfillment capabilities using a wide range of tools. However, effectively identifying the most relevant tools for a given task…

Fulfilling user needs through Large Language Model multi-turn, multi-step tool-use is rarely a straightforward process. Real user interactions are inherently wild, being intricate, messy, and flexible. We identify three key challenges from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Peijie Yu , Wei Liu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now integral to numerous industries, increasingly serving as the core reasoning engine for autonomous agents that perform complex tasks through tool-use. While the development of Arabic-native LLMs is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Konstantin Kubrak , Ahmed El-Moselhy , Ammar Alsulami , Remaz Altuwaim , Hassan Ismail Fawaz , Faisal Alsaby

Despite the advancements of open-source large language models (LLMs), e.g., LLaMA, they remain significantly limited in tool-use capabilities, i.e., using external tools (APIs) to fulfill human instructions. The reason is that current…