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First-order methods for stochastic optimization have undeniable relevance, in part due to their pivotal role in machine learning. Variance reduction for these algorithms has become an important research topic. In contrast to common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Manuel Madeira , Renato Negrinho , João Xavier , Pedro M. Q. Aguiar

Stochastic Gradient (SG) is the defacto iterative technique to solve stochastic optimization (SO) problems with a smooth (non-convex) objective $f$ and a stochastic first-order oracle. SG's attractiveness is due in part to its simplicity of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-08 David Newton , Raghu Bollapragada , Raghu Pasupathy , Nung Kwan Yip

We propose a method for zeroth order stochastic convex optimization that attains the suboptimality rate of $\tilde{\mathcal{O}}(n^{7}T^{-1/2})$ after $T$ queries for a convex bounded function $f:{\mathbb R}^n\to{\mathbb R}$. The method is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-13 Tengyuan Liang , Hariharan Narayanan , Alexander Rakhlin

Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization is widely used to handle challenging tasks, such as query-based black-box adversarial attacks and reinforcement learning. Various attempts have been made to integrate prior information into the gradient…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-09 Shuyu Cheng , Guoqiang Wu , Jun Zhu

Gradient-based methods are well-suited for derivative-free optimization (DFO), where finite-difference (FD) estimates are commonly used as gradient surrogates. Traditional stochastic approximation methods, such as Kiefer-Wolfowitz (KW) and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Guo Liang , Guangwu Liu , Kun Zhang

Algorithms for bandit convex optimization and online learning often rely on constructing noisy gradient estimates, which are then used in appropriately adjusted first-order algorithms, replacing actual gradients. Depending on the properties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Xiaowei Hu , Prashanth L. A. , András György , Csaba Szepesvári

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have shown promise in solving sequential decision problems (SDPs) by simplifying them to static optimization problems and searching for the optimal policy parameters in a zeroth-order way. While these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Yuheng Lei , Yao Lyu , Guojian Zhan , Tao Zhang , Jiangtao Li , Jianyu Chen , Shengbo Eben Li , Sifa Zheng

Feedback optimization has emerged as a promising approach for optimizing the steady-state operation of dynamical systems while requiring minimal modeling efforts. Unfortunately, most existing feedback optimization methods rely on knowledge…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Amir Mehrnoosh , Gianluca Bianchin

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method is popular for solving non-convex optimization problems in machine learning. This work investigates SGD from a viewpoint of graduated optimization, which is a widely applied approach for non-convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Da Li , Jingjing Wu , Qingrun Zhang

This paper studies Bayesian ranking and selection (R&S) problems with correlated prior beliefs and continuous domains, i.e. Bayesian optimization (BO). Knowledge gradient methods [Frazier et al., 2008, 2009] have been widely studied for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-28 Jian Wu , Peter I. Frazier

We study the problem of training neural networks with quantized parameters. Learning low-precision quantized parameters by enabling computation of gradients via the Straight-Through Estimator (STE) can be challenging. While the STE enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Ningfeng Yang , Tor M. Aamodt

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the most widely used optimization methods for parallel and distributed processing of large datasets. One of the key limitations of distributed SGD is the need to regularly communicate the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-25 Xiaojian Xu , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

We study (constrained) nonconvex (composite) optimization problems where the decision variables vector can be split into blocks of variables. Random block projection is a popular technique to handle this kind of problem for its remarkable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Zhan Yu , Daniel W. C. Ho

We consider escaping saddle points of nonconvex problems where only the function evaluations can be accessed. Although a variety of works have been proposed, the majority of them require either second or first-order information, and only a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-05 Hualin Zhang , Huan Xiong , Bin Gu

We investigate accelerated zeroth-order algorithms for smooth composite convex optimization problems. While for unconstrained optimization, existing methods that merge 2-point zeroth-order gradient estimators with first-order frameworks…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-15 Silan Zhang , Yujie Tang

We study diffusion and consensus based optimization of a sum of unknown convex objective functions over distributed networks. The only access to these functions is through stochastic gradient oracles, each of which is only available at a…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2015-09-01 N. Denizcan Vanli , Muhammed O. Sayin , Suleyman S. Kozat

Comparison-Based Optimization (CBO) is an optimization paradigm that assumes only very limited access to the objective function f(x). Despite the growing relevance of CBO to real-world applications, this field has received little attention…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-27 Isha Slavin , Daniel McKenzie

In the learning to learn (L2L) framework, we cast the design of optimization algorithms as a machine learning problem and use deep neural networks to learn the update rules. In this paper, we extend the L2L framework to zeroth-order (ZO)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Yangjun Ruan , Yuanhao Xiong , Sashank Reddi , Sanjiv Kumar , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Zeroth-order optimization (ZO) typically relies on two-point feedback to estimate the unknown gradient of the objective function. Nevertheless, two-point feedback can not be used for online optimization of time-varying objective functions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Yan Zhang , Yi Zhou , Kaiyi Ji , Michael M. Zavlanos

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to constructing unbiased estimators when computing expectations of path functionals associated with stochastic differential equations (SDEs). Our randomization idea is closely related to…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2012-07-11 Chang-han Rhee , Peter W. Glynn