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The suffix array $SA[1..n]$ of a text $T$ of length $n$ is a permutation of $\{1,\ldots,n\}$ describing the lexicographical ordering of suffixes of $T$, and it is considered to be among of the most important data structures in string…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

The Suffix Array SA(S) of a string S[1 ... n] is an array containing all the suffixes of S sorted by lexicographic order. The suffix array is one of the most well known indexing data structures, and it functions as a key tool in many string…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Amihood Amir , Itai Boneh

The Suffix Array $SA_S[1\ldots n]$ of an $n$-length string $S$ is a lexicographically sorted array of the suffixes of $S$. The suffix array is one of the most well known and widely used data structures in string algorithms. We present a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Amihood Amir , Itai Boneh

The Suffix Array is a classic text index enabling on-line pattern matching queries via simple binary search. The main drawback of the Suffix Array is that it takes linear space in the text's length, even if the text itself is extremely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Davide Cenzato , Lore Depuydt , Travis Gagie , Sung-Hwan Kim , Giovanni Manzini , Francisco Olivares , Nicola Prezza

We revisit the classic border tree data structure [Gu, Farach, Beigel, SODA 1994] that answers the following prefix-suffix queries on a string $T$ of length $n$ over an integer alphabet $\Sigma=[0,\sigma)$: for any $i,j \in [0,n)$ return…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Solon P. Pissis

The suffix array is a classic full-text index, combining effectiveness with simplicity. We discuss three approaches aiming to improve its efficiency even more: changes to the navigation, data layout and adding extra data. In short, we show…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-28 Tomasz Kowalski , Szymon Grabowski , Kimmo Fredriksson , Marcin Raniszewski

Suffix trees and suffix arrays are two of the most widely used data structures for text indexing. Each uses linear space and can be constructed in linear time for polynomially sized alphabets. However, when it comes to answering queries…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-11-08 Richard Cole , Tsvi Kopelowitz , Moshe Lewenstein

The suffix tree is arguably the most fundamental data structure on strings: introduced by Weiner (SWAT 1973) and McCreight (JACM 1976), it allows solving a myriad of computational problems on strings in linear time. Motivated by its large…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Ruben Becker , Davide Cenzato , Travis Gagie , Sung-Hwan Kim , Ragnar Groot Koerkamp , Giovanni Manzini , Nicola Prezza

The suffix array and the suffix tree are the two most fundamental data structures for string processing. For a length-$n$ text, however, they use $\Theta(n \log n)$ bits of space, which is often too costly. To address this, Grossi and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

In this work, we study the limits of compressed data structures, i.e., structures that support various queries on an input text $T\in\Sigma^n$ using space proportional to the size of $T$ in compressed form. Nearly all fundamental queries…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

We consider the problem of encoding a string of length $n$ from an integer alphabet of size $\sigma$ so that access and substring equality queries (that is, determining the equality of any two substrings) can be answered efficiently. Any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Nicola Prezza

It has been shown in the indexing literature that there is an essential difference between prefix/range searches on the one hand, and predecessor/rank searches on the other hand, in that the former provably allows faster query resolution.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Djamal Belazzougui , Paolo Boldi , Rasmus Pagh , Sebastiano Vigna

Suffix tree (and the closely related suffix array) are fundamental structures capturing all substrings of a given text essentially by storing all its suffixes in the lexicographical order. In some applications, we work with a subset of $b$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Paweł Gawrychowski , Tomasz Kociumaka

For a text given in advance, the substring minimal suffix queries ask to determine the lexicographically minimal non-empty suffix of a substring specified by the location of its occurrence in the text. We develop a data structure answering…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-01 Tomasz Kociumaka

Much research has been devoted to optimizing algorithms of the Lempel-Ziv (LZ) 77 family, both in terms of speed and memory requirements. Binary search trees and suffix trees (ST) are data structures that have been often used for this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Artur Ferreira , Arlindo Oliveira , Mario Figueiredo

We study the following substring suffix selection problem: given a substring of a string T of length n, compute its k-th lexicographically smallest suffix. This a natural generalization of the well-known question of computing the maximal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-24 Maxim Babenko , Paweł Gawrychowski , Tomasz Kociumaka , Tatiana Starikovskaya

In the last decades, the necessity to process massive amounts of textual data fueled the development of compressed text indexes: data structures efficiently answering queries on a given text while occupying space proportional to the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

The suffix array is a fundamental data structure for many applications that involve string searching and data compression. Designing time/space-efficient suffix array construction algorithms has attracted significant attention and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Zhize Li , Jian Li , Hongwei Huo

This paper presents a general technique for optimally transforming any dynamic data structure that operates on atomic and indivisible keys by constant-time comparisons, into a data structure that handles unbounded-length keys whose…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-06-04 Amihood Amir , Gianni Franceschini , Roberto Grossi , Tsvi Kopelowitz , Moshe Lewenstein , Noa Lewenstein

We first review how we can store a run-length compressed suffix array (RLCSA) for a text $T$ of length $n$ over an alphabet of size $\sigma$ whose Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) consists of $r$ runs in $O \left( \rule{0ex}{2ex} r \log (n /…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Nathaniel K. Brown , Travis Gagie , Giovanni Manzini , Gonzalo Navarro , Marinella Sciortino
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