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Valley polarization in graphene breaks inversion symmetry and therefore leads to second-harmonic generation. We present a complete theory of this effect within a single-particle approximation. It is shown that this may be a sensitive tool…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 T. O. Wehling , A. Huber , A. I. Lichtenstein , M. I. Katsnelson

The extensive research of two-dimensional layered materials has revealed that valleys, as energy extrema in momentum space, could offer a new degree of freedom for carrying information. Based on this concept, researchers have predicted…

Over the past decade classical optical systems with gain or loss, modelled by non-Hermitian parity-time symmetric Hamiltonians, have been deeply investigated. Yet, their applicability to the quantum domain with number-resolved photonic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Ross Wakefield , Anthony Laing , Yogesh N. Joglekar

Optical trapping and binding systems are non-Hermitian. On one hand, the optical force is non-Hermitian and may pump energy into the trapped particle when the non-Hermiticity is sufficiently large. On the other hand, the ambient damping…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-01 Yang Li , Xiao Li

Estimation of a dynamical system's latent state subject to sensor noise and model inaccuracies remains a critical yet difficult problem in robotics. While Kalman filters provide the optimal solution in the least squared sense for linear and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Fahira Afzal Maken , Fabio Ramos , Lionel Ott

We discuss the possibility of realizing a non-Hermitian, i.e. an open two-well system of ultra-cold atoms by enclosing it with additional time-dependent wells that serve as particle reservoirs. With the appropriate design of the additional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Manuel Kreibich , Jörg Main , Holger Cartarius , Günter Wunner

Valley, as a new degree of freedom for electrons, has drawn considerable attention due to its significant potential for encoding and storing information. Lifting the energy degeneracy to achieve valley polarization is necessary for…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-03-11 Pei Zhaos , Yandong Ma , Hao Wang , Baibiao Huang , Liangzhi Kou , Ying Dai

State estimation is crucial for the performance and safety of numerous robotic applications. Among the suite of estimation techniques, particle filters have been identified as a powerful solution due to their non-parametric nature. Yet, in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Akhilan Boopathy , Aneesh Muppidi , Peggy Yang , Abhiram Iyer , William Yue , Ila Fiete

We theoretically study valley-filtering in pristine graphene irradiated by bicircular counter-rotating laser drive. The dynamical symmetry of the graphene and laser drive disrupts graphene's inversion symmetry, which results distinct…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Rekha Kumari , Gopal Dixit , Arijit Kundu

We report a peculiar tunneling phenomenon that occurs in lattices with nonreciprocal couplings. The nonreciprocity holds for an inner portion of the lattice, constituting a non-Hermitian interface between outer Hermitian sections. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Sayan Jana , Lea Sirota

Electrons in two-dimensional hexagonal materials have valley degree of freedom, which can be used to encode and process quantum information. The valley-selective excitations, governed by the circularly polarised light resonant with the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-19 M. S. Mrudul , Álvaro Jiménez-Galán , Misha Ivanov , Gopal Dixit

We present a unitary framework for dissipative quantum dynamics that can be efficiently applied to large-scale Fermi systems. The method introduces local Hermitian operators that emulate frictional forces while strictly preserving the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-12-16 J. E. Alba-Arroyo , Daniel Pęcak , Michael McNeil Forbes , Gabriel Wlazłowski

Valley polarization (VP), an induced imbalance in the populations of a multi-valley electronic system, allows emission of second harmonic (SH) light even in centrosymmetric crystals such as graphene. Whereas in systems such as…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-06-16 F. Hipolito , Vitor M. Pereira

We recently shown, using tight-binding calculations, that nonequilibrium valley polarization can be realized in graphene, when the current is injected through "valley filter": a ballistic point contact with zigzag edges. Here we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-05-23 Adam Rycerz

Particle filters contain the promise of fully nonlinear data assimilation. They have been applied in numerous science areas, but their application to the geosciences has been limited due to their inefficiency in high-dimensional systems in…

Applications · Statistics 2019-04-16 Peter Jan van Leeuwen , Hans R. Künsch , Lars Nerger , Roland Potthast , Sebastian Reich

Exchange coupling is a key ingredient for spin-based quantum technologies since it can be used to entangle spin qubits and create logical spin qubits. However, the influence of the electronic valley degree of freedom in silicon on exchange…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-05 J. Salfi , B. Voisin , A. Tankasala , J. Bocquel , M. Usman , M. Y. Simmons , L. C. L. Hollenberg , R. Rahman , S. Rogge

Valleytronics, which makes use of the two valleys in graphenes, attracts considerable attention and a valley filter is expected to be the central component in valleytronics. We propose the application of the graphene valley filter using…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-15 Mitsuharu Uemoto , Masaki Nishiura , Tomoya Ono

Spatial filtering of optical fields has widespread applications ranging from beam shaping to optical information processing. However, conventional spatial filters are bulky and alignment-sensitive. Here, we present nonlocal non-Hermitian…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-04 Biao Chen , Mikael Reichler , Radoslaw Kolkowski , Andriy Shevchenko

We study the localization transition in periodically driven one-dimensional non-Hermitian lattices where the piece-wise two-step drive is constituted by uniform coherent tunneling and incommensurate onsite gain and loss. We find that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 C. M. Dai , Yunbo Zhang , Xuexi Yi

Wave localization is a fundamental phenomenon that appears universally in both natural materials and artificial structures and plays a crucial role in understanding the various physical properties of a system. Usually, a localized state has…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Xinrong Xie , Gan Liang , Fei Ma , Yulin Du , Yiwei Peng , Erping Li , Hongsheng Chen , Linhu Li , Fei Gao , Haoran Xue