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Related papers: Multi-modal Co-learning for Earth Observation: Enh…

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Multimodal remote sensing classification often suffers from missing modalities caused by sensor failures and environmental interference, leading to severe performance degradation. In this work, we rethink missing-modality learning from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Qinghao Gao , Jiahui Qu , Wenqian Dong

We present TerraMind, the first any-to-any generative, multimodal foundation model for Earth observation (EO). Unlike other multimodal models, TerraMind is pretrained on dual-scale representations combining both token-level and pixel-level…

Multimodal learning typically relies on the assumption that all modalities are fully available during both the training and inference phases. However, in real-world scenarios, consistently acquiring complete multimodal data presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Donggeun Kim , Taesup Kim

Deep learning models are increasingly data-hungry, requiring significant resources to collect and compile the datasets needed to train them, with Earth Observation (EO) models being no exception. However, the landscape of datasets in EO is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Alistair Francis , Mikolaj Czerkawski

Multi-modal remote sensing images are vital for Earth observation, yet complete paired observations are often scarce in practice. Existing generative methods commonly address this problem through isolated pairwise modality translation, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zhiping Yu , Chenyang Liu , Jinqi Cao , Qinzhe Yang , Siwei Yu , Zhengxia Zou , Zhenwei Shi

A significant amount of remotely sensed data is generated daily by many Earth observation (EO) spaceborne and airborne sensors over different countries of our planet. Different applications use those data, such as natural hazard monitoring,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Alessandro Sebastianelli , Francesco Mauro , Giulia Ciabatti , Dario Spiller , Bertrand Le Saux , Paolo Gamba , Silvia Ullo

With the rapid advancement of remote sensing technology, high-resolution multi-modal imagery is now more widely accessible. Conventional Object detection models are trained on a single dataset, often restricted to a specific imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yuxuan Li , Xiang Li , Yunheng Li , Yicheng Zhang , Yimian Dai , Qibin Hou , Ming-Ming Cheng , Jian Yang

With the extremely rapid advances in remote sensing (RS) technology, a great quantity of Earth observation (EO) data featuring considerable and complicated heterogeneity is readily available nowadays, which renders researchers an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Jiaxin Li , Danfeng Hong , Lianru Gao , Jing Yao , Ke Zheng , Bing Zhang , Jocelyn Chanussot

Earth Observation Foundation Models (EOFMs) have exploded in prevalence as tools for processing the massive volumes of remotely sensed and other earth observation data, and for delivering impact on the many essential earth monitoring tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ryan P. Demilt , Nicholas LaHaye , Karis Tenneson

The growing availability of Earth Observation (EO) data and recent advances in Computer Vision have driven rapid progress in machine learning for EO, producing domain-specific models at ever-increasing scales. Yet this progress risks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Tasos Papazafeiropoulos , Nikolaos Ioannis Bountos , Nikolas Papadopoulos , Ioannis Papoutsis

In recent years, the development of robust multi-source models has emerged in the Earth Observation (EO) field. These are models that leverage data from diverse sources to improve predictive accuracy when there is missing data. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Francisco Mena , Diego Arenas , Miro Miranda , Andreas Dengel

Jointly harnessing complementary features of multi-modal input data in a common latent space has been found to be beneficial long ago. However, the influence of each modality on the models decision remains a puzzle. This study proposes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Burak Ekim , Michael Schmitt

There has been a growing interest in recent years in modelling multiple modalities (or views) of data to for example, understand the relationship between modalities or to generate missing data. Multi-view autoencoders have gained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Ana Lawry Aguila , Andre Altmann

Earth Observation (EO) systems are crucial for cartography, disaster surveillance, and resource administration. Nonetheless, they encounter considerable obstacles in the processing and transmission of extensive data, especially in…

The rapid advancement of remote sensing foundation models, particularly vision and multimodal models, has significantly enhanced the capabilities of intelligent geospatial data interpretation. These models combine various data modalities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Ziyue Huang , Hongxi Yan , Qiqi Zhan , Shuai Yang , Mingming Zhang , Chenkai Zhang , YiMing Lei , Zeming Liu , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Unreliable predictions can occur when using artificial intelligence (AI) systems with negative consequences for downstream applications, particularly when employed for decision-making. Conformal prediction provides a model-agnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Geethen Singh , Glenn Moncrieff , Zander Venter , Kerry Cawse-Nicholson , Jasper Slingsby , Tamara B Robinson

Modern Earth Observation (EO) missions generate massive volumes of imagery that challenge existing downlink and ground-processing capabilities, particularly for time-critical applications. This work investigates how a low Earth orbit (LEO)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Beatriz Soret , Antonio M. Mercado-Martínez , Antonio Jurado-Navas , Nicolai D. Lyholm , Marco Moretti , Petar Popovski , Israel Leyva-Mayorga

Earth observation (EO), aiming at monitoring the state of planet Earth using remote sensing data, is critical for improving our daily lives and living environment. With a growing number of satellites in orbit, an increasing number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhitong Xiong , Fahong Zhang , Yi Wang , Yilei Shi , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Multimodal learning assumes all modality combinations of interest are available during training to learn cross-modal correspondences. In this paper, we challenge this modality-complete assumption for multimodal learning and instead strive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yunhua Zhang , Hazel Doughty , Cees G. M. Snoek

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) presents a naturally compatible and scalable framework for multimodal learning, demonstrating strong adaptability across diverse modalities and tasks. Despite its growing success, a comprehensive and systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Liangwei Nathan Zheng , Wei Emma Zhang , Olaf Maennel , Lin Yue , Weitong Chen