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The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in content generation, coding, and common-sense reasoning has spurred widespread integration into many facets of society. However, integration of LLMs raises valid questions on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Ola Shorinwa , Zhiting Mei , Justin Lidard , Allen Z. Ren , Anirudha Majumdar

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate scientific reports, but they can produce references that appear plausible while containing corrupted metadata or pointing to papers that do not exist. We introduce CiteCheck, a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Khashayar Khajavi , Shaghayegh Sadeghi , Rise Adhikari , Alexander Tessier

Hallucination, the generation of factually incorrect content, is a growing challenge in Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing detection and mitigation methods are often isolated and insufficient for domain-specific needs, lacking a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mengfei Liang , Archish Arun , Zekun Wu , Cristian Munoz , Jonathan Lutch , Emre Kazim , Adriano Koshiyama , Philip Treleaven

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical domains, yet remain susceptible to hallucinations. While prior works have proposed confidence representation methods for hallucination detection, most of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Elyes Hajji , Aymen Bouguerra , Fabio Arnez

Despite the groundbreaking advancements made by large language models (LLMs), hallucination remains a critical bottleneck for their deployment in high-stakes domains. Existing classification-based methods mainly rely on static and passive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Linggang Kong , Lei Wu , Yunlong Zhang , Xiaofeng Zhong , Zhen Wang , Yongjie Wang , Yao Pan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in both research and real-world applications, but they still struggle with hallucination. Existing hallucination detection methods often perform poorly on sentence-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Weizhi Gao , Xiaorui Liu , Feiyi Wang , Dan Lu , Junqi Yin

Language models, particularly generative models, are susceptible to hallucinations, generating outputs that contradict factual knowledge or the source text. This study explores methods for detecting hallucinations in three SemEval-2024 Task…

Large language models (LLMs) have experienced notable advancements in generating coherent and contextually relevant responses. However, hallucinations - incorrect or unfounded claims - are still prevalent, prompting the creation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Robert Friel , Atindriyo Sanyal

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and reasoning, but suffer from hallucination: the generation of factually incorrect content. While numerous methods have been developed to reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Mohor Banerjee , Nadya Yuki Wangsajaya , Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff , Min Sen Tan , Zachary Choy Kit Chun , Alvin Chan Guo Wei

Large Language Models suffer from hallucination, generating plausible yet factually incorrect content. Current mitigation strategies focus on post-generation correction, which is computationally expensive and fails to prevent unreliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Nandakishor M

Hallucination in large language models (LLMs) is a fundamental challenge, particularly in open-domain question answering. Prior work attempts to detect hallucination with model-internal signals such as token-level entropy or generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shuo Zhang , Fabrizio Gotti , Fengran Mo , Jian-Yun Nie

Despite significant strides in factual reliability, errors -- often termed hallucinations -- remain a major concern for generative AI, especially as LLMs are increasingly expected to be helpful in more complex or nuanced setups. Yet even in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Gal Yona , Mor Geva , Yossi Matias

Discharge summaries require extracting critical information from lengthy electronic health records (EHRs), a process that is labor-intensive when performed manually. Large language models (LLMs) can improve generation efficiency; however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Severin Ye , Xiao Kong , Xiaopeng He , Guangsu Yan , Dongsuk Oh

Can Large Language Models (LLMs) be trained to avoid hallucinating factual statements, and can Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) be triggered only when necessary to reduce retrieval and computation costs? In this work, we address both…

Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) have recently become a significant problem. A recent effort in this direction is a shared task at Semeval 2024 Task 6, SHROOM, a Shared-task on Hallucinations and Related Observable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Rahul Mehta , Andrew Hoblitzell , Jack O'Keefe , Hyeju Jang , Vasudeva Varma

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become integral to large language models (LLMs), particularly for conversational AI systems where user questions may reference knowledge beyond the LLMs' training cutoff. However, many natural user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Zhiyuan Peng , Jinming Nian , Alexandre Evfimievski , Yi Fang

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed the landscape of language processing, yet struggle with significant challenges in terms of security, privacy, and the generation of seemingly coherent but factually inaccurate outputs, commonly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ningke Li , Yuekang Li , Yi Liu , Ling Shi , Kailong Wang , Haoyu Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made remarkable progress in video understanding. However, they suffer from a critical vulnerability: an over-reliance on language priors, which can lead to visual ungrounded hallucinations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zhe Huang , Hao Wen , Aiming Hao , Bingze Song , Meiqi Wu , Jiahong Wu , Xiangxiang Chu , Sheng Lu , Haoqian Wang

Large language models (LLMs) often fabricate a hallucinatory text. Several methods have been developed to detect such text by semantically comparing it with the multiple versions probabilistically regenerated. However, a significant issue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Satoshi Munakata , Taku Fukui , Takao Mohri

While we increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs) for various tasks, these models are known to produce inaccurate content or 'hallucinations' with potentially disastrous consequences. The recent integration of web search results…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Mahjabin Nahar , Eun-Ju Lee , Jin Won Park , Dongwon Lee