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Deep research agents have shown remarkable potential in handling long-horizon tasks. However, state-of-the-art performance typically relies on online reinforcement learning (RL), which is financially expensive due to extensive API calls.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yuhang Zhou , Kai Zheng , Qiguang Chen , Mengkang Hu , Qingfeng Sun , Can Xu , Jingjing Chen

Deep search has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling agents to retrieve fine-grained historical information without heavy memory pre-managed. However, existing deep search agents for memory system repeat past error…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xinyuan Wang , Wenyu Mao , Junkang Wu , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Recent advances in text-to-image generation have produced strong single-shot models, yet no individual system reliably executes the long, compositional prompts typical of creative workflows. We introduce Image-POSER, a reflective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hossein Mohebbi , Mohammed Abdulrahman , Yanting Miao , Pascal Poupart , Suraj Kothawade

While recent advances in reasoning models have demonstrated cognitive behaviors through reinforcement learning, existing approaches struggle to invoke deep reasoning capabilities in multi-turn agents with long-horizon interactions. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Qiaoyu Tang , Hao Xiang , Le Yu , Bowen Yu , Yaojie Lu , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , WenJuan Zhang , Pengbo Wang , Shixuan Liu , Zhenru Zhang , Jianhong Tu , Hongyu Lin , Junyang Lin

Reasoning-augmented search agents, such as Search-R1, are trained to reason, search, and generate the final answer iteratively. Nevertheless, due to their limited capabilities in reasoning and search, their performance on multi-hop QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shu Zhao , Tan Yu , Anbang Xu

Web agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for next-generation AI, but their limited reasoning in uncertain, dynamic web environments hinders robust deployment. In this paper, we identify key reasoning skills essential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Minda Hu , Tianqing Fang , Jianshu Zhang , Junyu Ma , Zhisong Zhang , Jingyan Zhou , Hongming Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu , Irwin King

Recently, large reasoning models have demonstrated strong mathematical and coding abilities, and deep search leverages their reasoning capabilities in challenging information retrieval tasks. Existing deep search works are generally limited…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jiejun Tan , Zhicheng Dou , Yan Yu , Jiehan Cheng , Qiang Ju , Jian Xie , Ji-Rong Wen

This paper introduces MR-Search, an in-context meta reinforcement learning (RL) formulation for agentic search with self-reflection. Instead of optimizing a policy within a single independent episode with sparse rewards, MR-Search trains a…

With recent advancements in large language models, web agents have been greatly improved. However, dealing with complex and dynamic web environments requires more advanced planning and search abilities. Previous studies usually adopt a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zhisong Zhang , Tianqing Fang , Kaixin Ma , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Presentation generation requires deep content research, coherent visual design, and iterative refinement based on observation. However, existing presentation agents often rely on predefined workflows and fixed templates. To address this, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hao Zheng , Guozhao Mo , Xinru Yan , Qianhao Yuan , Wenkai Zhang , Xuanang Chen , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

This paper aims to provide an innovative machine learning-based solution to automate security testing tasks for web applications, ensuring the correct functioning of all components while reducing project maintenance costs. Reinforcement…

The diversity of intrinsic qualities of multimedia entities tends to impede their effective retrieval. In a SelfLearning Search Engine architecture, the subtle nuances of human perceptions and deep knowledge are taught and captured through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Nikki Lijing Kuang , Clement H. C. Leung

This paper proposes a query-level meta-agent named FlowReasoner to automate the design of query-level multi-agent systems, i.e., one system per user query. Our core idea is to incentivize a reasoning-based meta-agent via external execution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hongcheng Gao , Yue Liu , Yufei He , Longxu Dou , Chao Du , Zhijie Deng , Bryan Hooi , Min Lin , Tianyu Pang

Autonomous agents, which perceive environments and take actions to achieve goals, have become increasingly feasible with the advancements in large language models (LLMs). However, current powerful agents often depend on sophisticated prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yihan Chen , Benfeng Xu , Xiaorui Wang , Yongdong Zhang , Zhendong Mao

The proliferation of web agents necessitates advanced navigation and interaction strategies within complex web environments. Current models often struggle with efficient navigation and action execution due to limited visibility and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Tenghao Huang , Kinjal Basu , Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Pavan Kapanipathi , Jonathan May , Muhao Chen

Deep Research agents are rapidly emerging as primary consumers of modern retrieval systems. Unlike human users who issue and refine queries without documenting their intermediate thought processes, Deep Research agents generate explicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zijian Chen , Xueguang Ma , Shengyao Zhuang , Jimmy Lin , Akari Asai , Victor Zhong

We develop a reinforcement learning based search assistant which can assist users through a set of actions and sequence of interactions to enable them realize their intent. Our approach caters to subjective search where the user is seeking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Milan Aggarwal , Aarushi Arora , Shagun Sodhani , Balaji Krishnamurthy

Efficient retrieval of external knowledge bases and web pages is crucial for enhancing the reasoning abilities of LLMs. Previous works on training LLMs to leverage external retrievers for solving complex problems have predominantly employed…

Language agents can adapt from experience in interactive environments, but current reflection-based methods can only self-correct within a single task instance. Whether such experience can be distilled into reusable lessons that improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yuval Shalev , Zifeng Ding , Mateja Jamnik

In collaborative settings, sustaining momentum and engagement between checkpoints (e.g., meetings) can be challenging, often leading to task drift and reduced preparedness. To address this gap, we developed ReflectEd, an AI-assisted system…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Md Nazmus Sakib , Ishika Tarin , Naga Manogna Rayasam , Manas Gaur , Sanorita Dey