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Graham and Sloane proposed in 1980 a conjecture stating that every tree has a harmonious labelling, a graph labelling closely related to additive base. Very limited results on this conjecture are known. In this paper, we proposed a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-11-02 Wenjie Fang

We investigate active learning by pairwise similarity over the leaves of trees originating from hierarchical clustering procedures. In the realizable setting, we provide a full characterization of the number of queries needed to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Fabio Vitale , Anand Rajagopalan , Claudio Gentile

We consider a recursively defined random set of points and its barycenter, where the random set is constructed by the following inductive rule: Given a realization of $n-1$ points, one of them is picked at random and serves as a source the…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-07-09 Mathias Rafler

Arborified multiple zeta values are a generalization of multiple zeta values associated with rooted trees. There are two types of decorated rooted trees, corresponding respectively to the series and the integral expressions. Manchon…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-29 Ku-Yu Fan

Periodic trees are combinatorial structures which are in bijection with cluster tilting objects in cluster categories of affine type $\tilde{A}_{n-1}$. The internal edges of the tree encode the $c$-vectors corresponding to the cluster…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-03 Kiyoshi Igusa , Gordana Todorov , Jerzy Weyman

Here we present a new fixed parameter tractable algorithm to compute the hybridization number r of two rooted binary phylogenetic trees on taxon set X in time (6r)^r.poly(n), where n=|X|. The novelty of this approach is that it avoids the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-08-24 Steven Kelk

We first prove a one-to-one correspondence between finding Hamiltonian cycles in a cubic planar graphs and finding trees with specific properties in dual graphs. Using this information, we construct an exact algorithm for finding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-07 Bohao Yao , Charl Ras , Hamid Mokhtar

Scattering equations for tree-level amplitudes are viewed in the context of string theory. As a result of the comparison we are led to define a new dual model which coincides with string theory in both the small and large $\alpha'$ limit,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-19 N. E. J Bjerrum-Bohr , P. H. Damgaard , P. Tourkine , P. Vanhove

A compacted binary tree is a directed acyclic graph encoding a binary tree in which common subtrees are factored and shared, such that they are represented only once. We show that the number of compacted binary trees of size $n$ grows…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-04 Andrew Elvey Price , Wenjie Fang , Michael Wallner

We propose several constructions of commutative or cocommutative Hopf algebras based on various combinatorial structures, and investigate the relations between them. A commutative Hopf algebra of permutations is obtained by a general…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-12 F. Hivert , J. -C. Novelli , J. -Y. Thibon

This paper investigates some properties of the number of subtrees of a tree with given degree sequence. These results are used to characterize trees with the given degree sequence that have the largest number of subtrees, which generalizes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-04 Xiu-Mei Zhang , Xiao-Dong Zhang , Daniel Gray , Hua Wang

A grove is a spanning forest of a planar graph in which every component tree contains at least one of a special subset of vertices on the outer face called nodes. For the natural probability measure on groves, we compute various connection…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-24 Richard W. Kenyon , David B. Wilson

We study decreasing binary trees in which every vertex with two children is colored red or blue. We construct two bijections. The first, to ordered set partitions into odd-sized blocks each arranged as an alternating permutation, shows that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-18 Miklós Bóna , Vincent Vatter

We study the growth of a time-ordered rooted tree by probabilistic attachment of new vertices to leaves. We construct a likelihood function of the leaves based on the connectivity of the tree. We take such connectivity to be induced by the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Nomvelo Sibisi

With better statistics and precision, eccentricity could prove to be a useful tool for understanding the origin and environment of binary black holes. Hierarchical triples in particular, which might be abundant in globular clusters and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-12 Lisa Randall , Zhong-Zhi Xianyu

This paper investigates the a-posteriori analysis of Branch-and-Bound~(BB) trees to extract structural information about the feasible region of mixed-binary linear programs. We introduce three novel outer approximations of the feasible…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Marius Roland , Nagisa Sugishita , Alexandre Forel , Youssouf Emine , Ricardo Fukasawa , Thibaut Vidal

In "Hopf algebra of the planar binary trees", Adv. Math. 139 (1998), no. 2, 293--309, we constructed by induction a graded associative product on the vector space generated by the planar binary trees (resp. the permutations). In the present…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Jean-Louis Loday , Maria O. Ronco

Percolation for a planar lattice has a single percolation threshold, whereas percolation for a negatively curved lattice displays two separate thresholds. The enhanced binary tree (EBT) can be viewed as a prototype model displaying two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-13 Petter Minnhagen , Seung Ki Baek

Motivated by a formula of A. Postnikov relating binary trees, we define the hook length polynomials for m-ary trees and plane forests, and show that these polynomials have a simple binomial expression. An integer value of this expression is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Rosena R. X. Du , Fu Liu

Accessibility percolation is a new type of percolation problem inspired by evolutionary biology. To each vertex of a graph a random number is assigned and a path through the graph is called accessible if all numbers along the path are in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-04-04 Stefan Nowak , Joachim Krug