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A complete set of filters $F_n$ for the optimal-depth $n$-input sorting network problem is such that if there exists an $n$-input sorting network of depth $d$ then there exists one of the form $C \oplus C'$ for some $C \in F_n$. Previous…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Martin Marinov , David Gregg

A sequence of reversals that takes a signed permutation to the identity is perfect if at no step a common interval is broken. Determining a parsimonious perfect sequence of reversals that sorts a signed permutation is NP-hard. Here we show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-05-18 Mathilde Bouvel , Cedric Chauve , Marni Mishna , Dominique Rossin

The graph of overlapping permutations is defined in a way analogous to the De Bruijn graph on strings of symbols. That is, for every permutation $\pi = \pi_{1} \pi_{2} ... \pi_{n+1}$ there is a directed edge from the standardization of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-08 Richard Ehrenborg , Sergey Kitaev , Einar Steingrimsson

We consider a stack sorting algorithm where only the appropriate output values are popped from the stack and then any remaining entries in the stack are run through the stack in reverse order. We identify the basis for the $2$-reverse pass…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Toufik Mansour , Howard Skogman , Rebecca Smith

Let $H$ be a permutation group on a set $\Lambda$, which is permutationally isomorphic to a finite alternating or symmetric group $A_n$ or $S_n$ acting on the $k$-element subsets of points from $\{1,\ldots,n\}$, for some arbitrary but fixed…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-06 Steve Linton , Alice C. Niemeyer , Cheryl E. Praeger

In the cyclic-to-random shuffle, we are given n cards arranged in a circle. At step k, we exchange the k'th card along the circle with a uniformly chosen random card. The problem of determining the mixing time of the cyclic-to-random…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Elchanan Mossel , Yuval Peres , Alistair Sinclair

An ordered partition of $[n]=\{1, 2, \ldots, n\}$ is a partition whose blocks are endowed with a linear order. Let $\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}$ be set of ordered partitions of $[n]$ with $k$ blocks and $\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}(\sigma)$ be set of ordered…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-12 William Y. C. Chen , Alvin Y. L. Dai , Robin D. P. Zhou

We consider the following general model of a sorting procedure: we fix a hereditary permutation class $\mathcal{C}$, which corresponds to the operations that the procedure is allowed to perform in a single step. The input of sorting is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Vít Jelínek , Michal Opler , Jakub Pekárek

We study the process of bootstrap percolation on n x n permutation matrices, inspired by the work of Shapiro and Stephens [5]. In this percolation model, cells mutate (from 0 to 1) if at least two of their cardinal neighbors contain a 1,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Mark Huibregtse , Cristobal Lemus-Vidales , David Vella

We consider the problem of comparison-sorting an $n$-permutation $S$ that avoids some $k$-permutation $\pi$. Chalermsook, Goswami, Kozma, Mehlhorn, and Saranurak prove that when $S$ is sorted by inserting the elements into the GreedyFuture…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Parinya Chalermsook , Seth Pettie , Sorrachai Yingchareonthawornchai

Circular permutations on {1,2,...,n} that avoid a given pattern correspond to ordinary (linear) permutations that end with n and avoid all cyclic rotations of the pattern. Three letter patterns are all but unavoidable in circular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Callan

We prove that most permutations of degree $n$ have some power which is a cycle of prime length approximately $\log n$. Explicitly, we show that for $n$ sufficiently large, the proportion of such elements is at least $1-5/\log\log n$ with…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-22 S. P. Glasby , Cheryl E. Praeger , W. R. Unger

The circular peak set of a permutation $\sigma$ is the set $\{\sigma(i)\mid \sigma(i-1)<\sigma(i)>\sigma(i+1)\}$. In this paper, we focus on the enumeration problems for permutations by circular peak sets. Let $cp_n(S)$ denote the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-06-05 Pierre Bouchard , Hungyung Chang , Jun Ma , Jean Yeh

Given a graph, we associate each edge with the transposition which exchanges the endvertices. Fixing a linear order on the edge set, we obtain a permutation of the vertices. D\'enes proved that the permutation is a full cyclic permutation…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-04 Shuhei Tsujie , Ryo Uchiumi

We introduce a sorting machine consisting of $k+1$ stacks in series: the first $k$ stacks can only contain elements in decreasing order from top to bottom, while the last one has the opposite restriction. This device generalizes \cite{SM},…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Giulio Cerbai , Lapo Cioni , Luca Ferrari

In 2006, Marcus and Tardos proved that if $A^1,\dots,A^n$ are cyclic orders on some subsets of a set of $n$ symbols such that the common elements of any two distinct orders $A^i$ and $A^j$ appear in reversed cyclic order in $A^i$ and $A^j$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Barnabás Janzer , Oliver Janzer , Abhishek Methuku , Gábor Tardos

We consider uniform random permutations of length $n$ conditioned to have no cycle longer than $n^\beta$ with $0<\beta<1$, in the limit of large $n$. Since in unconstrained uniform random permutations most of the indices are in cycles of…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-21 Volker Betz , Helge Schäfer , Dirk Zeindler

What is the smallest number of random transpositions (meaning that we swap given pairs of elements with given probabilities) that we can make on an $n$-point set to ensure that each element is uniformly distributed -- in the sense that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Barnabás Janzer , J. Robert Johnson , Imre Leader

We study sorting algorithms based on randomized round-robin comparisons. Specifically, we study Spin-the-bottle sort, where comparisons are unrestricted, and Annealing sort, where comparisons are restricted to a distance bounded by a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Michael T. Goodrich

We show that the product of an nx3 matrix and a 3x3 matrix over a commutative ring can be computed using 6n+3 multiplications. For two 3x3 matrices this gives us an algorithm using 21 multiplications. This is an improvement with respect to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Andreas Rosowski