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With an aim of probing the physical conditions and excitation mechanisms of warm molecular gas in individual star-forming regions, we performed Herschel SPIRE FTS observations of 30 Doradus in the LMC. In our FTS observations, important FIR…

New 21 cm HI observations have revealed a giant HI cloud in the Galactic plane that has unusual properties. It is quite well defined, about 150 pc in diameter at a distance of 5 kpc, and contains as much as 100,000 Solar Masses of atomic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Anthony H. Minter , Felix J. Lockman , Glen I. Langston , Jennifer A. Lockman

I review recent observations of molecular gas in the halo of the Milky Way and in the Magellanic Clouds. Far-ultraviolet absorption line studies of molecular hydrogen (H_2) with ORFEUS and FUSE have unveiled the presence of a diffuse…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Philipp Richter

Using the PMO 13.7m telescope, we present large-field and high-sensitivity CO(1-0) line observations toward the Crab Nebula, in order to better understand the interstellar gas environment of this well-known historical supernova remnant. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-17 Xuepeng Chen , Dong Wang , Qianru He , Jiancheng Feng , Shiyu Zhang , Li Sun , Yang Su

We present the results of a new sensitive survey of neutral hydrogen above and below the Galactic Center with the Green Bank Telescope. The observations extend up to Galactic latitude | b | < 10 deg with an effective angular resolution of…

We analyzed the 2.6-mm CO and 21-cm HI lines toward the Magellanic superbubble 30 Doradus C, in order to reveal the associated molecular and atomic gas. We uncovered five molecular clouds in a velocity range from 251 to 276 km s$^{-1}$…

We used the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) 12 m telescope to observe the J_KaKc=3_03-2_02, 3_22-2_21, and 3_21-2_20 transitions of para-H_2CO at 218 GHz simultaneously to determine kinetic temperatures of the dense gas in the central…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 Y. Ao , C. Henkel , K. M. Menten , M. A. Requena-Torres , T. Stanke , R. Mauersberger , S. Aalto , S. Muehle , J. Mangum

We utilize observations of sub-millimeter rotational transitions of CO from a Herschel Cycle 2 open time program ("COPS", PI: J. Green) to identify previously predicted turbulent dissipation by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) shocks in molecular…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-17 Rebecca L. Larson , Neal J. Evans , Joel D. Green , Yao-Lun Yang

Giant molecular clouds contain supersonic turbulence that can locally heat small fractions of gas to over 100 K. We run shock models for low-velocity, C-type shocks propagating into gas with densities between 10^3 and 10^5 cm^(-3) and find…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-23 A. Pon , M. J. Kaufman , D. Johnstone , P. Caselli , F. Fontani , M. J. Butler , I. Jiménez-Serra , A. Palau , J. C. Tan

Long and skinny molecular filaments running along Galactic spiral arms are known as "bones", since they make up the skeleton of the Milky Way. However, their origin is still an open question. Here, we compare spectral images of HI taken by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-04 Shenglan Sun , Ke Wang , Xunchuan Liu , Fengwei Xu

The amount of H$_2$ present in spiral galaxies remains uncertain, particularly in the dim outer regions and in low-metallicity environments. We present high-resolution CO(1--0) observations with the Plateau de Bure interferometer of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-20 J. Braine , P. Gratier , Y. Contreras , K. F. Schuster , N. Brouillet

Potential condensed clouds of gas in the Galactic halo are examined in the context of the recent models of cooling, fragmenting clouds building up the baryonic mass of the Galaxy. 582 high-velocity clouds (HVCs) are defined as the potential…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. E. Putman

We have studied the properties of molecular clouds in the second quadrant of the Milky Way Mid-plane from l$=$104$.\!\!^{\circ}$75 to l$=$119$.\!\!^{\circ}$75 and b$=-$5$.\!\!^{\circ}$25 to b$=$5$.\!\!^{\circ}$25 using the $^{12}$CO,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-28 Yuehui Ma , Hongchi Wang , Chong Li , Lianghao Lin , Yan Sun , Ji Yang

(Abridged) Massive stars can determine the evolution of molecular clouds with their strong ultraviolet (UV) radiation fields. Moreover, UV radiation is relevant in setting the thermal gas pressure in star-forming clouds, whose influence can…

We present an analysis of the outer Galaxy giant molecular filament (GMF) G214.5-1.8 (G214.5) using IRAM 30m data of $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO and C$^{18}$O. We find that the $^{12}$CO (1-0) and (2-1) derived excitation temperatures are near…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-11 S. D. Clarke , V. A. Makeev , Á. Sánchez-Monge , G. M. Williams , Y. -W. Tang , S. Walch , R. Higgins , P. C. Nürnberger , S. Suri

We study the relationship between molecular gas and dust in the California Molecular Cloud over an unprecedented dynamic range of cloud depth (Av = 3 - 60 magnitudes). We compare deep Herschel-based measurements of dust extinction with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-02-24 John Arban Lewis , Charles Lada , John Bieging , Anoush Kazarians , João Alves , Marco Lombardi

ALMA imaging of the cold molecular medium in the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 1808 is presented. The observations reveal the distribution of molecular gas, traced by $^{12}$CO (1-0) and $^{12}$CO (3-2), and continuum (93 and 350 GHz) across…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-15 Dragan Salak , Yuto Tomiyasu , Naomasa Nakai , Nario Kuno , Yusuke Miyamoto , Hiroyuki Kaneko

We present new observations of a 2' field in the north-eastern spiral arm of M31. In the 0.8 x 3.6 kpc mosaicked region, we have detected six distinct, large complexes of molecular gas, most of which lie along the spiral arm dust lane or in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kartik Sheth , Stuart N. Vogel , Christine D. Wilson , T. M. Dame

The spatial distribution of the gaseous components of the Milky Way is of great importance for a number of different fields, for example, Galactic structure, star formation, and cosmic rays. However, obtaining distance information to…

Gas at high Galactic latitude is a relatively little-noticed component of the interstellar medium. In an effort to address this, forty-one Planck Galactic Cold Clumps at high Galactic latitude (HGal; $|b|>25^{\circ}$) were observed in…