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Introduction Data imbalance is one of the crucial issues in big data analysis with fewer labels. For example, in real-world healthcare data, spam detection labels, and financial fraud detection datasets. Many data balance methods were…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Chenyu Li , Xia Jiang

Background: Machine learning techniques have been widely used and demonstrate promising performance in many software security tasks such as software vulnerability prediction. However, the class ratio within software vulnerability datasets…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Rui Shu , Tianpei Xia , Laurie Williams , Tim Menzies

Boosting is an extremely successful idea, allowing one to combine multiple low accuracy classifiers into a much more accurate voting classifier. In this work, we present a new and surprisingly simple Boosting algorithm that obtains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Mikael Møller Høgsgaard , Kasper Green Larsen , Markus Engelund Mathiasen

In many application domains such as medicine, information retrieval, cybersecurity, social media, etc., datasets used for inducing classification models often have an unequal distribution of the instances of each class. This situation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Mohamed S. Kraiem , Fernando Sánchez-Hernández , María N. Moreno-García

We aim at developing and improving the imbalanced business risk modeling via jointly using proper evaluation criteria, resampling, cross-validation, classifier regularization, and ensembling techniques. Area Under the Receiver Operating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-14 Yan Wang , Xuelei Sherry Ni

Small datasets are common in health research. However, the generalization performance of machine learning models is suboptimal when the training datasets are small. To address this, data augmentation is one solution. Augmentation increases…

There are many real-world classification problems wherein the issue of data imbalance (the case when a data set contains substantially more samples for one/many classes than the rest) is unavoidable. While under-sampling the problematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-09 John McKay , Isaac Gerg , Vishal Monga

In supervised machine learning (SML) research, large training datasets are essential for valid results. However, obtaining primary data in learning analytics (LA) is challenging. Data augmentation can address this by expanding and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Valdemar Švábenský , Conrad Borchers , Elizabeth B. Cloude , Atsushi Shimada

Data augmentation is a powerful tool for improving deep learning-based image classifiers for plant stress identification and classification. However, selecting an effective set of augmentations from a large pool of candidates remains a key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Nasla Saleem , Aditya Balu , Talukder Zaki Jubery , Arti Singh , Asheesh K. Singh , Soumik Sarkar , Baskar Ganapathysubramanian

Given imbalanced data, it is hard to train a good classifier using deep learning because of the poor generalization of minority classes. Traditionally, the well-known synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) for data augmentation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Wei-Chao Cheng , Tan-Ha Mai , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Data augmentation is commonly used to encode invariances in learning methods. However, this process is often performed in an inefficient manner, as artificial examples are created by applying a number of transformations to all points in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-04 Michael Kuchnik , Virginia Smith

A high imbalance exists between technical debt and non-technical debt source code comments. Such imbalance affects Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) detection performance, and existing literature lacks empirical evidence on the choice of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Murali Sridharan , Mika Mantyla , Leevi Rantala , Maelick Claes

Credit scoring is vital in the financial industry, assessing the risk of lending to credit card applicants. Traditional credit scoring methods face challenges with large datasets and data imbalance between creditworthy and non-creditworthy…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Kejian Tong , Zonglin Han , Yanxin Shen , Yujian Long , Yijing Wei

Class imbalance (CI) in classification problems arises when the number of observations belonging to one class is lower than the other. Ensemble learning combines multiple models to obtain a robust model and has been prominently used with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Azal Ahmad Khan , Omkar Chaudhari , Rohitash Chandra

In imbalanced multi-class classification problems, the misclassification rate as an error measure may not be a relevant choice. Several methods have been developed where the performance measure retained richer information than the mere…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-05 Sokol Koço , Cécile Capponi

Imbalanced data, where the positive samples represent only a small proportion compared to the negative samples, makes it challenging for classification problems to balance the false positive and false negative rates. A common approach to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Pengfei Lyu , Zhengchi Ma , Linjun Zhang , Anru R. Zhang

Automated scoring of students' scientific explanations offers the potential for immediate, accurate feedback, yet class imbalance in rubric categories particularly those capturing advanced reasoning remains a challenge. This study…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Prudence Djagba , Kevin Haudek , Clare G. C. Franovic , Leonora Kaldaras

Imbalanced learning is a fundamental challenge in data mining, where there is a disproportionate ratio of training samples in each class. Over-sampling is an effective technique to tackle imbalanced learning through generating synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Qiaoyu Tan , Sirui Ding , Na Zou , Xia Hu

In recent years, the emergence of deep convolutional neural networks has positioned face recognition as a prominent research focus in computer vision. Traditional loss functions, such as margin-based, hard-sample mining-based, and hybrid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Qiqi Guo , Zhuowen Zheng , Guanghua Yang , Zhiquan Liu , Xiaofan Li , Jianqing Li , Jinyu Tian , Xueyuan Gong

In practice, machine learning experts are often confronted with imbalanced data. Without accounting for the imbalance, common classifiers perform poorly and standard evaluation metrics mislead the practitioners on the model's performance. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Ramiro Camino , Christian Hammerschmidt , Radu State