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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in comprehending complex visual content. However, the mechanisms underlying how VLMs process visual information remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we…
We present TOPGN, a novel method for real-time transparent obstacle detection for robot navigation in unknown environments. We use a multi-layer 2D grid map representation obtained by summing the intensities of lidar point clouds that lie…
We propose a graph-oriented attention-based explainability method for tabular data. Tasks involving tabular data have been solved mostly using traditional tree-based machine learning models which have the challenges of feature selection and…
Vision Language Models (VLMs) excel at identifying and describing objects but often fail at spatial reasoning. We study why VLMs, such as LLaVA, underutilize spatial cues despite having positional encodings and spatially rich vision encoder…
In temporal ( event-based ) networks, time is a continuous axis, with real-valued time coordinates for each node and edge. Computing a layout for such graphs means embedding the node trajectories and edge surfaces over time in a 2D+t space,…
While theories postulating a dual cognitive system take hold, quantitative confirmations are still needed to understand and identify interactions between the two systems or conflict events. Eye movements are among the most direct markers of…
Urban sensing is essential for the development of smart cities, enabling monitoring, computing, and decision-making for urban management.Thanks to the advent of vehicle technologies, modern vehicles are transforming from solely mobility…
In visual exploration and analysis of data, determining how to select and transform the data for visualization is a challenge for data-unfamiliar or inexperienced users. Our main hypothesis is that for many data sets and common analysis…
Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as foundation models for IoT applications such as human activity recognition (HAR). However, directly applying high-frequency and multi-dimensional sensor data, such as eye-tracking data, leads to…
Video prediction yields future frames by employing the historical frames and has exhibited its great potential in many applications, e.g., meteorological prediction, and autonomous driving. Previous works often decode the ultimate…
Most tabular data visualization techniques focus on overviews, yet many practical analysis tasks are concerned with investigating individual items of interest. At the same time, relating an item to the rest of a potentially large table is…
We propose a spatial-constraint approach for modeling spatial-based interactions and enabling interactive visualizations, which involves the manipulation of visualizations through selection, filtering, navigation, arrangement, and…
Accounting for individual differences can improve the effectiveness of visualization design. While the role of visual attention in visualization interpretation is well recognized, existing work often overlooks how this behavior varies based…
Visual navigation tasks in real-world environments often require both self-motion and place recognition feedback. While deep reinforcement learning has shown success in solving these perception and decision-making problems in an end-to-end…
We propose a data-driven space-filling curve method for 2D and 3D visualization. Our flexible curve traverses the data elements in the spatial domain in a way that the resulting linearization better preserves features in space compared to…
Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved impressive results in various vision-language tasks. However, despite showing promising performance, LVLMs suffer from hallucinations caused by language bias, leading to diminished focus on…
Density map is an effective visualization technique for depicting the scalar field distribution in 2D space. Conventional methods for constructing density maps are mainly based on Euclidean distance, limiting their applicability in urban…
This paper proposes a faceted information exploration model that supports coarse-grained and fine-grained focusing of geographic maps by offering a graphical representation of data attributes within interactive widgets. The proposed…
Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models for multi-task robot manipulation often rely on fixed camera setups and shared visual encoders, which limit their performance under occlusions and during cross-task transfer. To address these…
Visual impairment affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, severely limiting their ability to navigate urban environments safely and independently. While wearable assistive devices offer a promising platform for real-time hazard…