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The estimation of missing input vector elements in real time processing applications requires a system that possesses the knowledge of certain characteristics such as correlations between variables, which are inherent in the input space.…

Applications · Statistics 2007-05-23 Fulufhelo V. Nelwamondo , Shakir Mohamed , Tshilidzi Marwala

Multimodal representation learning harmonizes distinct modalities by aligning them into a unified latent space. Recent research generalizes traditional cross-modal alignment to produce enhanced multimodal synergy but requires all modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , Jiaheng Wei , Shuo Yang , Xiu Su , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Missing data imputation, where a model is trained on observed data to estimate unobserved values, is a fundamental problem in machine learning. In this paper, we rigorously formulate imputation model learning as a mean-squared error risk…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Luke Shannon , Song Liu , Katarzyna Reluga

Machine learning algorithms have grown in sophistication over the years and are increasingly deployed for real-life applications. However, when using machine learning techniques in practical settings, particularly in high-risk applications…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Sukrita Singh , Neeraj Sarna , Yuanyuan Li , Yang Li , Agni Orfanoudaki , Michael Berger

Missing Not at Random (MNAR) and nonnormal data are challenging to handle. Traditional missing data analytical techniques such as full information maximum likelihood estimation (FIML) may fail with nonnormal data as they are built on normal…

Applications · Statistics 2024-06-21 Dandan Tang , Xin Tong

Uncertainty estimates must be calibrated (i.e., accurate) and sharp (i.e., informative) in order to be useful. This has motivated a variety of methods for recalibration, which use held-out data to turn an uncalibrated model into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Charles Marx , Shengjia Zhao , Willie Neiswanger , Stefano Ermon

We consider the problem of recovering an expert's reward function with inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) when there are missing/incomplete state-action pairs or observations in the demonstrated trajectories. This issue of missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Tien Mai , Quoc Phong Nguyen , Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

Conformal prediction has received tremendous attention in recent years and has offered new solutions to problems in missing data and causal inference; yet these advances have not leveraged modern semiparametric efficiency theory for more…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-14 Yachong Yang , Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

When outcomes are missing for reasons beyond an investigator's control, there are two different ways to adjust a parameter estimate for covariates that may be related both to the outcome and to missingness. One approach is to model the…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-12-18 Joseph D. Y. Kang , Joseph L. Schafer

Missing data is a ubiquitous challenge in data analysis, often leading to biased and inaccurate results. Traditional imputation methods usually assume that the missingness mechanism is missing-at-random (MAR), where the missingness is…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Huiming Xie , Fei Xue , Xiao Wang

This paper studies the open problem of conformalized entry prediction in a row/column-exchangeable matrix. The matrix setting presents novel and unique challenges, but there exists little work on this interesting topic. We meticulously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Meijia Shao , Yuan Zhang

Imputation methods for dealing with incomplete data typically assume that the missingness mechanism is at random (MAR). These methods can also be applied to missing not at random (MNAR) situations, where the user specifies some adjustment…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-24 Shahab Jolani , Stef van Buuren

Advanced classification algorithms are being increasingly used in safety-critical applications like health-care, engineering, etc. In such applications, miss-classifications made by ML algorithms can result in substantial financial or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Disha Ghandwani , Neeraj Sarna , Yuanyuan Li , Yang Lin

Missing data is a ubiquitous problem. It is especially challenging in medical settings because many streams of measurements are collected at different - and often irregular - times. Accurate estimation of those missing measurements is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Jinsung Yoon , William R. Zame , Mihaela van der Schaar

Multiple imputation (MI) has become popular for analyses with missing data in medical research. The standard implementation of MI is based on the assumption of data being missing at random (MAR). However, for missing data generated by…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-03 Tra My Pham , James R Carpenter , Tim P Morris , Angela M Wood , Irene Petersen

This research deals with the estimation and imputation of missing data in longitudinal models with a Poisson response variable inflated with zeros. A methodology is proposed that is based on the use of maximum likelihood, assuming that data…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-18 D. S. Martinez-Lobo , O. O. Melo , N. A. Cruz

Reliable uncertainty quantification is crucial for reinforcement learning (RL) in high-stakes settings. We propose a unified conformal prediction framework for infinite-horizon policy evaluation that constructs distribution-free prediction…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-31 Feichen Gan , Youcun Lu , Yingying Zhang , Yukun Liu

This paper provides further insight into the key concept of missing at random (MAR) in incomplete data analysis. Following the usual selection modelling approach we envisage two models with separable parameters: a model for the response of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Guobing Lu , John B. Copas

This paper proposes a fast and accurate method for sparse regression in the presence of missing data. The underlying statistical model encapsulates the low-dimensional structure of the incomplete data matrix and the sparsity of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-31 Ravi Ganti , Rebecca M. Willett

The problem of monotone missing data has been broadly studied during the last two decades and has many applications in different fields such as bioinformatics or statistics. Commonly used imputation techniques require multiple iterations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Thu Nguyen , Duy H. M. Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Binh T. Nguyen , Bruce A. Wade