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Hierarchical Imitation Learning (HIL) is a promising approach for tackling long-horizon decision-making tasks. While it is a challenging task due to the lack of detailed supervisory labels for sub-goal learning, and reliance on hundreds to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Chengyang Gu , Yuxin Pan , Haotian Bai , Hui Xiong , Yize Chen

Analyzing textual data is the cornerstone of qualitative research. While traditional methods such as grounded theory and content analysis are widely used, they are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Topic modeling offers an automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Gerion Spielberger , Florian M. Artinger , Jochen Reb , Rudolf Kerschreiter

Modern Large Language Model (LLM)-based programming agents often rely on test execution feedback to refine their generated code. These tests are synthetically generated by LLMs. However, LLMs may produce invalid or hallucinated test cases,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Hamed Taherkhani , Jiho Shin , Muhammad Ammar Tahir , Md Rakib Hossain Misu , Vineet Sunil Gattani , Hadi Hemmati

Evaluating the quality of open-domain chatbots has become increasingly reliant on LLMs acting as automatic judges. However, existing meta-evaluation benchmarks are static, outdated, and lacking in multilingual coverage, limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 John Mendonça , Alon Lavie , Isabel Trancoso

Identifying the strategic uses of reformulation in discourse remains a key challenge for computational argumentation. While LLMs can detect surface-level similarity, they often fail to capture the pragmatic functions of rephrasing, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Maciej Uberna , Michał Wawer , Jarosław A. Chudziak , Marcin Koszowy

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong semantic understanding, yet struggle when user instructions involve ambiguous or conceptually misaligned terms. We propose the Language Graph Model (LGM) to enhance conceptual clarity by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Wenchang Lei , Ping Zou , Yue Wang , Feng Sun , Lei Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) often falter at complex planning tasks that require exploration and self-correction, as their linear reasoning process struggles to recover from early mistakes. While search algorithms like Monte Carlo Tree…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yifan Zhang , Giridhar Ganapavarapu , Srideepika Jayaraman , Bhavna Agrawal , Dhaval Patel , Achille Fokoue

The data landscape is rich with structured data, often of high value to organizations, driving important applications in data analysis and machine learning. Recent progress in representation learning and generative models for such data has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xingyu Ji , Parker Glenn , Aditya G. Parameswaran , Madelon Hulsebos

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) show significant potential for achieving high autonomy in various scenarios such as software development. Recent research has shown that LLM agents can leverage past experiences to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Chen Qian , Jiahao Li , Yufan Dang , Wei Liu , YiFei Wang , Zihao Xie , Weize Chen , Cheng Yang , Yingli Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language models (LLMs) struggle to effectively utilize a growing number of external tools, such as those defined by the Model Context Protocol (MCP)\cite{IntroducingMCP}, due to prompt bloat and selection complexity. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Tiantian Gan , Qiyao Sun

Large Language Models can break through knowledge and timeliness limitations by invoking external tools within the Model Context Protocol framework to achieve automated execution of complex tasks. However, with the rapid growth of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Qingsong He , Jing Nan , Jiayu Jiao , Liangjie Tang , Xiaodong Xu , Mengmeng Sun , Qingyao Wang , Minghui Yan

Evaluating factual accuracy in Large Language Model (LLM)-generated clinical text is a critical barrier to adoption, as expert review is unscalable for the continuous quality assurance these systems require. We address this challenge with…

Reliably determining the performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems depends on comprehensive test questions. While a proliferation of evaluation frameworks for LLM-powered applications exists, current practices lack a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Noah Broestl , Adel Nasser Abdalla , Rajprakash Bale , Hersh Gupta , Max Struever

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents exhibit systemic failures in compositional generalization, limiting their robustness in interactive environments. This work introduces AGEL-Comp, a neuro-symbolic AI agent architecture designed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Mahnoor Shahid , Hannes Rothe

The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating accurate responses relies heavily on the quality of input provided, particularly when employing Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) techniques. RAG enhances LLMs by sourcing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Spurthi Setty , Harsh Thakkar , Alyssa Lee , Eden Chung , Natan Vidra

Recently, LLM agents have made rapid progress in improving their programming capabilities. However, existing benchmarks lack the ability to automatically evaluate from users' perspective, and also lack the explainability of the results of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Kaiyuan Liu , Youcheng Pan , Yang Xiang , Daojing He , Jing Li , Yexing Du , Tianrun Gao

Search-based test generators are effective at producing unit tests with high coverage. However, such automatically generated tests have no meaningful test and variable names, making them hard to understand and interpret by developers. On…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Matteo Biagiola , Gianluca Ghislotti , Paolo Tonella

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

In software development, the raw requirements proposed by users are frequently incomplete, which impedes the complete implementation of application functionalities. With the emergence of large language models, recent methods with the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Sai Zhang , Zhenchang Xing , Ronghui Guo , Fangzhou Xu , Lei Chen , Zhaoyuan Zhang , Xiaowang Zhang , Zhiyong Feng , Zhiqiang Zhuang

We present a new benchmark for evaluating Deep Search--a realistic and complex form of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) that requires source-aware, multi-hop reasoning over diverse, sparsed, but related sources. These include documents,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Prafulla Kumar Choubey , Xiangyu Peng , Shilpa Bhagavath , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu