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We present a formal operator-theoretic framework for analyzing Transformer-based language models using free probability theory. By modeling token embeddings and attention mechanisms as self-adjoint operators in a tracial \( W^*…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Swagatam Das

Posterior collapse plagues VAEs for text, especially for conditional text generation with strong autoregressive decoders. In this work, we address this problem in variational neural machine translation by explicitly promoting mutual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Arya D. McCarthy , Xian Li , Jiatao Gu , Ning Dong

There is a vast literature on representation learning based on principles such as coding efficiency, statistical independence, causality, controllability, or symmetry. In this paper we propose to learn representations from sequence data by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yue Song , Thomas Anderson Keller , Yisong Yue , Pietro Perona , Max Welling

Statistical morphological inflectors are typically trained on fully supervised, type-level data. One remaining open research question is the following: How can we effectively exploit raw, token-level data to improve their performance? To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Lawrence Wolf-Sonkin , Jason Naradowsky , Sabrina J. Mielke , Ryan Cotterell

Learning in the latent variable model is challenging in the presence of the complex data structure or the intractable latent variable. Previous variational autoencoders can be low effective due to the straightforward encoder-decoder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Jiangchao Yao , Ivor Tsang , Ya Zhang

Closed-loop control of nonlinear dynamical systems with partial-state observability demands expert knowledge of a diverse, less standardized set of theoretical tools. Moreover, it requires a delicate integration of controller and estimator…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Xiangyuan Zhang , Weichao Mao , Haoran Qiu , Tamer Başar

We present a novel motion generation approach for robot arms, with high degrees of freedom, in complex settings that can adapt online to obstacles or new via points. Learning from Demonstration facilitates rapid adaptation to new tasks and…

Transformer networks have seen great success in natural language processing and machine vision, where task objectives such as next word prediction and image classification benefit from nuanced context sensitivity across high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Yuxuan Li , James L. McClelland

The research community has proposed copious modifications to the Transformer architecture since it was introduced over three years ago, relatively few of which have seen widespread adoption. In this paper, we comprehensively evaluate many…

Labeled sequence transduction is a task of transforming one sequence into another sequence that satisfies desiderata specified by a set of labels. In this paper we propose multi-space variational encoder-decoders, a new model for labeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Chunting Zhou , Graham Neubig

One of the key factors in language productivity and human cognition is the ability of systematic compositionality, which refers to understanding composed unseen examples of seen primitives. However, recent evidence reveals that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Chen Huang , Peixin Qin , Wenqiang Lei , Jiancheng Lv

Several recent works demonstrate that transformers can implement algorithms like gradient descent. By a careful construction of weights, these works show that multiple layers of transformers are expressive enough to simulate iterations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Kwangjun Ahn , Xiang Cheng , Hadi Daneshmand , Suvrit Sra

The Transformer based neural networks have been showing significant advantages on most evaluations of various natural language processing and other sequence-to-sequence tasks due to its inherent architecture based superiorities. Although…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Hailiang Li , Adele Y. C. Wang , Yang Liu , Du Tang , Zhibin Lei , Wenye Li

The identification of nonlinear dynamics from observations is essential for the alignment of the theoretical ideas and experimental data. The last, in turn, is often corrupted by the side effects and noise of different natures, so…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Anna Shalova , Ivan Oseledets

It has been previously observed that training Variational Recurrent Autoencoders (VRAE) for text generation suffers from serious uninformative latent variables problem. The model would collapse into a plain language model that totally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Dayiheng Liu , Xu Yang , Feng He , Yuanyuan Chen , Jiancheng Lv

Constructing disentangled representations is known to be a difficult task, especially in the unsupervised scenario. The dominating paradigm of unsupervised disentanglement is currently to train a generative model that separates different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Valentin Khrulkov , Leyla Mirvakhabova , Ivan Oseledets , Artem Babenko

Methods of transfer learning try to combine knowledge from several related tasks (or domains) to improve performance on a test task. Inspired by causal methodology, we relax the usual covariate shift assumption and assume that it holds true…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-25 Mateo Rojas-Carulla , Bernhard Schölkopf , Richard Turner , Jonas Peters

This paper proposes a method for the automatic creation of variables (in the case of regression) that complement the information contained in the initial input vector. The method works as a pre-processing step in which the continuous values…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Colin Troisemaine , Vincent Lemaire

Large and diverse datasets have been the cornerstones of many impressive advancements in artificial intelligence. Intelligent creatures, however, learn by interacting with the environment, which changes the input sensory signals and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Hao Liu , Tom Zahavy , Volodymyr Mnih , Satinder Singh

Human annotation for syntactic parsing is expensive, and large resources are available only for a fraction of languages. A question we ask is whether one can leverage abundant unlabeled texts to improve syntactic parsers, beyond just using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Caio Corro , Ivan Titov