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Recent advances in theoretical biology suggest that basal cognition and sentient behaviour are emergent properties of in vitro cell cultures and neuronal networks, respectively. Such neuronal networks spontaneously learn structured…

To coordinate with other systems, agents must be able to determine what the systems are currently doing and predict what they will be doing in the future---plan and goal recognition. There are many methods for plan and goal recognition, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Christopher Amato , Andrea Baisero

In this paper, we address the anomaly detection problem where the objective is to find the anomalous processes among a given set of processes. To this end, the decision-making agent probes a subset of processes at every time instant and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Geethu Joseph , Chen Zhong , M. Cenk Gursoy , Senem Velipasalar , Pramod K. Varshney

Artificial agents capable of understanding and aligning with others' intentions are essential for safe and socially robust artificial intelligence. We introduce a computational framework for empathy in active inference agents, grounded in…

Understanding how individual agents make strategic decisions within collectives is important for advancing fields as diverse as economics, neuroscience, and multi-agent systems. Two complementary approaches can be integrated to this end.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jaime Ruiz-Serra , Patrick Sweeney , Michael S. Harré

This paper presents a novel self-supervised path-planning method for UAV-aided networks. First, we employed an optimizer to solve training examples offline and then used the resulting solutions as demonstrations from which the UAV can learn…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Ali Krayani , Khalid Khan , Lucio Marcenaro , Mario Marchese , Carlo Regazzoni

This paper introduces an active learning framework for manifold Gaussian Process (GP) regression, combining manifold learning with strategic data selection to improve accuracy in high-dimensional spaces. Our method jointly optimizes a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Yuanxing Cheng , Lulu Kang , Yiwei Wang , Chun Liu

We apply recent advances in deep generative modeling to the task of imitation learning from biological agents. Specifically, we apply variations of the variational recurrent neural network model to a multi-agent setting where we learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Michael Teng , Tuan Anh Le , Adam Scibior , Frank Wood

Interactive decision-making is essential in applications such as autonomous driving, where the agent must infer the behavior of nearby human drivers while planning in real-time. Traditional predict-then-act frameworks are often insufficient…

People routinely infer the goals of others by observing their actions over time. Remarkably, we can do so even when those actions lead to failure, enabling us to assist others when we detect that they might not achieve their goals. How…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Tan Zhi-Xuan , Jordyn L. Mann , Tom Silver , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Vikash K. Mansinghka

Active inference proposes expected free energy as an objective for planning and decision-making to adequately balance exploitative and explorative drives in learning agents. The exploitative drive, or what an agent wants to achieve, is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Filippo Torresan , Ryota Kanai , Manuel Baltieri

An open question in the study of emergent behaviour in multi-agent Bayesian systems is the relationship, if any, between individual and collective inference. In this paper we explore the correspondence between generative models that exist…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-07-15 Conor Heins , Brennan Klein , Daphne Demekas , Miguel Aguilera , Christopher Buckley

Graph neural networks are often used to model interacting dynamical systems since they gracefully scale to systems with a varying and high number of agents. While there has been much progress made for deterministic interacting systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Andreas Look , Melih Kandemir , Barbara Rakitsch , Jan Peters

The Free Energy Principle (FEP) postulates that biological agents perceive and interact with their environment in order to minimize a Variational Free Energy (VFE) with respect to a generative model of their environment. The inference of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-07 Thijs van de Laar , Magnus Koudahl , Bart van Erp , Bert de Vries

Obtaining reliable feedback from the environment is a fundamental capability for intelligent agents to evaluate the correctness of their actions and to accumulate reusable knowledge. However, most existing approaches rely on predefined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Hong Su

Identifying uncertainty and taking mitigating actions is crucial for safe and trustworthy reinforcement learning agents, especially when deployed in high-risk environments. In this paper, risk sensitivity is promoted in a model-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Stefan Radic Webster , Peter Flach

The way the brain selects and controls actions is still widely debated. Mainstream approaches based on Optimal Control focus on stimulus-response mappings that optimize cost functions. Ideomotor theory and cybernetics propose a different…

A multi-modal framework to generate user intention distributions when operating a mobile vehicle is proposed in this work. The model learns from past observed trajectories and leverages traversability information derived from the visual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Kavindie Katuwandeniya , Stefan H. Kiss , Lei Shi , Jaime Valls Miro

We seek to clarify the concept of active inference by disentangling it from the Free Energy Principle. We show how the optimizations that need to be carried out in order to implement active inference in discrete state spaces can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Patrick Kenny

The problem of active mapping aims to plan an informative sequence of sensing views given a limited budget such as distance traveled. This paper consider active occupancy grid mapping using a range sensor, such as LiDAR or depth camera.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Arash Asgharivaskasi , Shumon Koga , Nikolay Atanasov